© 2020, International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering. Joint dislocation is a critical problem of total hip replacement. We have newly proposed an artificial hip joint with a structure that prevents dislocation. The proposed joint has a simple form with a femoral head partially covered with an acetabular cup. In the present study, the effects of inset heights and slit configurations of the cup on the pull-out forces of the joint were evaluated using finite element analysis. Joint models with different inset heights and those with or without a slit in the cup were used for the analyses to estimate the pull-out forces of the joint. In the case without the slit, the maximum pull-out force of the joint with 1.0 and 1.5 mm of the inset height was approximately 12 and 40 N, respectively. In the case of 1.0-mm inset height, the maximum force of the joint with and without the slit was approximately 9 and 12 N, respectively. These results reveal that the maximum force is markedly changed by the inset height and is moderately affected by the slit. Thus, we can gain insights into a strategy to optimally design an artificial joint in which dislocation does not occur easily. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. This study discusses the effectiveness of using a balance chair and adjusting a desk height and working position for maintaining seating posture during light-duty work. It is important for a worker to maintain good posture to improve work efficiency and protect his or her health. However, the worker’s body trunk tends to lean forward unconsciously when he or she is working on an ordinary chair. Meanwhile, a person sitting on a balance chair, which comprises a forward-declined seat and a knee pad, can maintain a posture that resembles that of standing. This study measures the body trunk angles of a subject performing light-duty work while seated on an ordinary chair and a balance chair and discusses the influence of desk height and working position.

© Copyright 2016 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE). Fenders are used for the protection of ship hull from impact forces caused at the berthing to a quay, by their buffering effects. The aim of this study is to introduce air cushioning effects to the fender design by using numerical simulation method. We estimate the buffering performances of a small rubber sphere based on the numerical simulation of a drop weight test by changing its internal air pressure. Then, a small scale rectangular rubber block with internal array of spherical holes is also checked changing their internal air pressure. Finally, the buffering performance is estimated by the maximum reactive force and converted energy amount.

スマートフォンのフリック入力による日本語文字入力における課題を示し，日本語テンキーの配置位置とサイズの最適化手法を示し検証を行った．

© 2015 The Authors This study investigates the safety and ease with which a patient stands up from a chair using a crutch, based on the trajectory of the center of gravity (CG) of the body and subjective impressions. In the study, three participants are made to stand up from a chair using a pair of crutches in seven postures that are combinations of different foot positions, crutch positions, body positions, and eye lines to consider their effects. When standing up from the chair, the CG of the body is measured by a stabilometer, and the safety and ease of standing up are determined from the trajectories, their lengths, and subjective impressions. This study suggests that standing up from the chair with a crutch position that is nearer to the body than normal is appropriate.

日常生活での運搬動作においては，人によって運搬する場面や荷物の形状が異なり，持ちにくいという不便が生じる．段ボールとバケツを対象として，加速度センサを用いた実験を行い，揺れが低減される荷物の運搬方法を検討した．

Fender has been used for the protection of ship hull from impact forces caused at the berthing to a quay, by its shock absorbing effects. It is also useful to avoid damages to the passengers and crew, and to protect the quay. In this study, the effects of cross sectional shape of a fender on its buffering capability are examined based on the drop weight tests and the numerical simulation with FEM. This is useful for the development of a fender with high performance buffering capability. Copyright © 2014 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).

スマートフォンでの日本語入力においてはフリック入力が用いられ，従来の携帯電話のトグル入力よりも負荷が大きくなるが，「フィットキー」と呼ばれる機能により付加を軽減することができる．日本語入力をしたときの筋電図によってフィットキー機能の有用性を評価した．

This study is a part of the study to evaluate the safety of a passenger on a high speed ship at accidental collision against a quay or a floating wood, based on the numerical simulation. It is necessary to understand the behavior of passengers body more in detail, to avoid the passengers injury at accidents. Authors have carried out a series of numerical simulation to see the falling behavior of both seated and standing passengers body on a high-speed ship at collision. According to the simulated results, the rotative movement of the passengers body and the friction were shown to have large effects on the movement of the passengers body. Authors wanted to verify our numerical simulation method by comparing with the experimental results. The first experimental verification of the falling behavior of a standing passenger was carried out in 2012. In the experiments, one of students was used as an experimental subject. The collision velocity at the experiments was set to be very slow not to injure the experimental subject by the impact force caused by the experimental collision. The experimental results showed more complex behavior than the assumptions employed in the modeling of the numerical simulation. The reason why the experimental results are different from the simulated results can be estimated as follows. The first is the lack of rigidity of the carriage and the base structure including the barrier caused the deformation of the carriage and the base structure including the barrier. The second is the effects of the motion reflection of the experimental subject are initiated by the use of a student as an experimental subject. In this study, we want to solve some of these problems, eliminating the influence of the motion reflection of the experimental subject and reproduce the behavior of the carriage by the numerical simulation. A series of experimental collision and its numerical simulation were carried out by using a wooden model of the human body instead of the student, with the same collision velocity as the former experiment. This study shows the verification of the numerical simulation method of a simple collision experimental results only with the carriage system, as a first step. Then, the numerical simulation model of the carriage system is changed based of the knowledge obtained through the first verification process. After the first verification, the second step verification of the numerical simulation method of a simulation model with a seated human body model on the carriage is carried out. As a result of this study, effectiveness of the numerical simulation method based on the FEM code "LS-DYNA" when applied to the means for analyzing the behavior of passengers at the time of collision is shown. At the same time, the effects of the motion reflection can be estimated. Copyright © 2013 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).

The unused biomass such as residues left on forest floor and unused portions of farm crops is considered as the most promising domestic resources in Japan. The utilization of unused biomass contributes to the environmental protection of forests as well as the reduction in exhaustion of carbon dioxide. To promote the utilization of woody biomass generated in forests and hilly agricultural areas, the efficiency for the transportation across hilly district regions has to be improved. In the present study, the hydraulic transportation system of wood chips by means of liquid film flow in sloped pipeline is proposed. The transportation limit of wood chips with various aspect ratios is investigated by using the test section imitating the hilly terrain pipeline. The results obtained are as follows. The maximum flow rate of wood chips is caused by the occurrence of hydraulic jump in horizontal flow, and is greatly affected by the liquid film flow rate and aspect ratio of wood chips. The analytical model to predict the stagnation of wood chips is presented, and it is found that the model gives a fairly good agreement with the experimental results of maximum flow rate of wood chips.

  The utilization of unused biomass such as logging residues and broadleaf trees has come to attract attention to protect forests and satoyamas (a Japanese term for undeveloped woodlands near populated areas) in Japan. In this study, the modification of bio-coke fuels as an alternative to coal coke is investigated by using bamboo and Japanese cedar, which are the typical domestic woody biomass in forests and satoyamas. To improve the compressive strength under high temperature environment and the heating value of bio-coke, carbonized Japanese cedar is mixed with bamboo. The effect of the carbide mixture on the forming characteristics of bio-coke such as density, compressive strength, and heating value are experimentally clarified. The results obtained in the present study are as follows: (1) the density of bio-coke increases with increase in forming temperature and forming pressure, but is reduced by the addition of carbide as the thermoplastic polymer is reduced (2) the increase in carbide reduces the compressive strength under normal temperature environment and improves the compressive strength under high temperature environment. When the carbide content was 30%, the compressive strength under high temperature environment was 3.26MPa. (3) The addition of carbide is an effective way to improve the compressive strength under high temperature environment and to enhance the heating value of bio-coke.

  In order to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, much attention has been focused on energy utilization of biomass in recent years. The promotion of the utilization of domestic woody biomass contributes not only to the improvement of energy selfsufficiency, but also to the environmental protection of forests and undeveloped woodlands near populated areas or satoyamas in Japan. Typical woody biomass derived from Japanese forests and satoyamas are Japanese Cedar and Konara. When woody biomass is utilized as biomass fuel, it is important to examine the energy consumptions for pretreatments such as comminution and reforming. In this study, using Konara, Japanese Cedar, and Balsa, the effects of tree species, comminution methods, and semicarbonization of the woody biomass on comminution energy are investigated. The results obtained in this study are as follows. (1) In the case that water content is less than a fiber saturation point, the comminution energy for three species is expressed as a function of water content. In the case that water content exceeds a fiber saturation point, comminution energy for three species is expressed as a function of density. The comminution energy can be estimated by using the present empirical equations within ±50% accuracy. (2) Regarding the comminution property of semi-carbonized woody biomass, for the wood region, the empirical equations of work index depend on the comminution methods regardless of tree species and sieve of screen. For the semi-carbonized and carbonized regions, the empirical equation of work index is presented regardless of tree species, comminution methods, and sieve of screen. The comminution energy can be estimated by using the present empirical equations within ±60% accuracy.

This study is a part of the study to evaluate the safety of a standing passenger on a high speed ship at accidental collision, based on the numerical simulation. A series of collision experiments using a carriage is carried out to see the accuracy of the falling behavior simulation of a passenger on a high speed ship at collision accidents against a quay. The experiments are carried out with very low speed of 0.14m/s to keep safety of the subject person who is standing on the carriage. The measured data of the carriage velocity and the behavior of subject person are compared with the simulated data to evaluate the accuracy of the falling behavior simulation. Copyright © 2012 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).

間伐材や剪定枝といった小規模のローカル資源を活用するためには傾斜地から効率的に収集・搬出することが必要である．現実的な水力輸送を検討するために木質チップのアスペクト比を変化させ，チップ形状がチップ最大輸送流量に及ぼす影響を明らかにする．さらに，最大輸送流量を予測するための解析方法を提示するとともに，水力輸送システム運転時のエネルギー評価について考察した．

This paper presents a series of numerical simulation of a falling behavior of a standing passenger on a high speed ship at collision. A three dimensional FE (Finite Element) model of human body is used with reduced degrees of freedom to obtain the accuracy level which is required for the evaluation through the ship design within an allowable calculation time, say one day. Transient behavior of the human body at collision is estimated by using an explicit FE code (LS-DYNA, Japan Research Institute 2003) to see the effects of hand support, facing direction and friction between shoes and floor. The interaction between a human body and seats are considered based on an example of seat arrangement. Copyright © 2011 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).

ハイドロキシアパタイトの接着強度に対する膜厚と化学組成の影響について，ナノスクラッチ試験を用いて検討した。パルスレーザー堆積法を用いて医療用チタンを化学量論的ハイドロキシアパタイトと擬似体液由来アパタイトで被覆し，基材密着性と剥離挙動をナノスクラッチテストによって詳細に観察した．

This paper presents a series of numerical simulation of a transient behavior of a seated passenger on a high speed ship at collision. A three dimensional FE (Finite Element) model of human body is used with reduced degrees of freedom to obtain practical accuracy within an allowable calculation time. Transient behavior of the human body at collision is estimated by using an explicit FE code to see the effects of friction between human body and seat, seat pitch and other factors. © 2010 by The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).

In the vertical upward gas-liquid two-phase flow under low liquid flow rate conditions, the flow patterns are divided into three main groups; annular flow, churn flow and slug flow. At high gas flow rate, the annular flow is formed with continuous gas core and liquid film on the wall. As the gas flow rate decreases, the liquid film flow on the wall becomes unstable owing to a reduction of the gas-liquid interfacial shear stress, which can trigger the flow pattern transition to the intermittent slug flow. In the intermediate region between annular and slug flows, the churn flow is observed. As the name "churn" implies, the flow is very complex and accompanied with oscillatory motions of the liquid in the tube.
In the present paper, a lumped parameter model is developed to predict the stability of annular flow and simulate the non-linear oscillation of churn flow. The model is based on the one-dimensional two-fluid model. According to the assumption of uniform flow, the annular flow is expressed by a set of ordinary differential equations. From the comparison between the linear stability analysis and the flow pattern map in the experiment, it is found that the flow pattern transition from annular to churn flow is in approximate agreement with the marginal stability boundary of the model, and the churn flow oscillation induces the formation of intermittent slug flow.

A simplified numerical simulation method to evaluate the generated acceleration value on an occupant at accidental collision is presented. Preceding study has been focused mainly on the behavior of human body seated fore faced. Addition to these studies, this study focuses on the behavior of the human body seated back faced. A series of numerical simulation is carried out with simplified 2D model of both a human body and a seat, changing the stiffness of seat, seat belt and connecting stiffness between a seat and a vehicle body. Finally, a possibility to decrease the maximum acceleration value by the simulation results is shown. Copyright © 2004 by The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers.

【工学部論文データから移行】

An investigation has been carried out on the stress/strain behavior near a notch tip under dynamic loading and its influence on the fracture property of structural steels. 3D FE-analysis, taking account of the strain rate effect on the flow stress, figured out that the dynamic loading elevates a local stress near the notch tip to a large extent. This was accompanied with acceleration of the strain rate in the notch tip region. Because of high-speed straining, the concentration of plastic work in the vicinity of notch tip leads to temperature rise at the notch tip. These effects contribute to fracture behavior of materials under dynamic loading. Which effect is more dominant, stress elevation or temperature rise, depends on the toughness level of the material: For a low toughness material, the near-tip stress elevation by dynamic loading raises the ductile-brittle fracture transition temperature. By contrast, the temperature rise at the notch tip will protect the initiation of brittle fracture provided the material holds superior fracture toughness.

The behavior of cantilever H-beam for welded structure subjected to monotonic and cyclic loads is investigated. Both bending test of cantilever beam and analysis based on Finite Element Method (FEM) considering the geometrical and material non-linearities are utilized. Special attention is paid to the effect of local buckling occurring in bottom flange and web on the deformabity of H-beam. The performance of H-beam is examined with respect to the strength, ductility and absorbed energy . It is generally found that the large anti-plane deformation due to the buckling in web occurs before buckling in bottom flange in the case of thick web. That is, control of web geometry is able to improve the performance of H-beam without the increase in weight of the beam . In the case of thin web, buckling in web occurs in the low deformation range just full owing buckling in bottom flange . In this case, web is so thin that control of web geometry for performance is not effective without weight increase . The same tendency can be observed under cyclic load.

【工学部論文データから移行】

高炉内で不規則な形状の鉄鉱石がガスで還元されるときの還元速度のコンピュータシミュレーションを行った．気体の拡散速度と固体の還元速度の差が大きいため，局部的に積分を組み込む方法で数値解析を行った．酸化物が球状の場合と非球状の場合の比較や，酸化物の気孔率によって還元速度に及ぼす影響について検討した．

Flow of molten aluminum, mercury and water was observed through a pyrex glass or acrylic plate on one face of a plate-like cavity having a gate at the center of the bottom. Flow behavior in a cavity with narrow branches was also examined. The fluid was pushed up by nitrogen gas pressure. Although symmetrical flow was observed in the case of water and mercury, molten aluminum flowed to one side at first and then turned to the other. Numerical simulation showed that filling behavior of molten aluminum became asymmetry when contact angles larger than a critical value were used. It was shown that numerical calculation considering surface tension and contact angle is necessary to simulate the filling with lower velocities or in narrow cavities.

Velocity field in a low pressure die casting was measured and compared with computer simulation. In the experiment, water was pushed up by gas pressure into transparent molds. The velocity in the water was measured by using nylon particles and laser beam. In the simulation, measured pressure was used for boundry condition. Shape of the water front and velocity in the water were rather well simulated until turbulent occurred.

In a previous work, single particles of commercial sinter were reduced stepwise with CO-CO2-N2 gas mixtures. In the analysis, the reduction of calcium ferrite (CF) was not taken into consideration. Values of chemical reaction rate constants k(c) and effective diffusivities D(e) in the unreacted-core shrinking model were determined by trial and error so that the calculated reduction curve might agree with the experimental one. In the present work, the method of the kinetic analysis are re-examined: (1) A new method to obtain the rate parameter values in a prescribed way has been developed and the experimental data have been statistically analyzed; values of k(c) and D(e) have been determined so as to minimize the difference area between calculated and experimental reduction curves. (2) Final fractional reduction in the hematite to magnetite stage under rising temperature conditions up to 1 173 K, F'(f), was measured after measuring the one at a predetermined temperature, F(f); below about 1 003 K, CF is hardly reduced and practically F(f) = 0.7 when oxygen reducible in this stage is assumed to be come from hematite and CF. The ratio F(f)/F'(f) is also given as a function of reduction temperature. (3) Some additional experiments on single particle stepwise reduction to the previous work were done in a temperature range from 753 to 1 333 K and rate parameter values have been re-evaluated by the above-stated method in consideration of the facts in (2); temperature dependencies of k(c) and D(e) are presented.

現代において必要だと考えられる科学技術の基本的用語を選んで解説をつけた．見出しで約700項目，語数で約900語を選び，学生や一般市民の科学技術リテラシーのレベルを確認できるような内容を解説した．

中学校の理科で使用することを前提にしているが，高校の内容も吟味して取り入れている．基礎・基本から始めて系統的に知識体系を構築できるように編集した．

大学での勉強の実際をわかりやすく解説した．新入生が充実した大学生活を送るための基本スキルや，受験生が進路選択するための情報を提供した．

現代人として必要な科学の基礎・基本を身近な事象から論理的に学ぶための教科書．

An effective treatment for hip osteoarthritic patients is total hip arthroplasty (THA). THA is a surgical procedure in which a painful osteoarthritic hip joint is replaced with an artificial hip joint. Joint dislocation is one of the most critical problems not only for human but also for canine THA. We have newly proposed an artificial hip joint which has a simple structure to prevent joint dislocation. The proposed joint has the structure with a femoral head partially covered with an acetabular cup. In the present study, the dislocation moment due to the impingement was assessed using finite element analysis. The dislocation moment was approximately 415, 166, and 8 N•mm in the case of the 1.5, 1.0, and 0.5 mm inset height model, respectively. This result indicates that the acetabular cup with the structure for preventing dislocation has an ability to resist the excess rotational movement which induces joint impingement.

Total hip arthroplasty used by an artificial hip joint is frequently performed to treat hip joint diseases such as the osteoarthritis and the osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, the joint dislocation easily occurs due to the muscle resection after the surgery. An artificial hip joint with a structure for preventing dislocation was proposed in this study. The acetabular cup of the joint has an inset part which is defined as the cup part over hemisphere line of the artificial head. In the present study, the dislocation moment was estimated using the finite element method. The rotational displacement was applied to the artificial head to obtain the relationship between the dislocation moment and inset height. Analytical results showed that dislocation moment increased with the increase of the inset height. We have an insight into the optimal structure of artificial hip joint to prevent dislocation under moments.

An artificial hip joint is a medical implant which used for total hip arthroplasty. There are several issues for the artificial hip joint. For example, dislocation is one of crucial issues. We proposed a new artificial hip joint with the structure for preventing dislocation. Dislocation dose not easily occur due to the artificial femoral head covered with the acetabular cup over the half sphere line. In this study, the pull-out forces were estimated using finite element analysis. A finite element model was constructed by software (ANSYS 17.2). For analytical condition, the acetabular cup was restricted and the femoral head was pulled out from the acetabular cup with various pull-out directions (0, 30, 60, 90 degrees).In the case of 90 degrees, the pull-out force was lower than that in case of other pull-out directions. From this result, we obtained a design guideline for the artificial hip joint.

健常者と片麻痺者のプラスチック短下肢装具装着状態における歩行の違いを調べ、装具の歩行中の挙動や役割について検討した。対象は健常男性6名(年齢29±16歳)と装具使用の脳出血による左片麻痺患者6名(男性4名、女性2名、年齢57±12歳)で、6軸力覚センサーやフレキシブルゴニオメーター等を装着したシステムにより歩行中に装具に働く荷重データを取得した。装具は非常に多く用いられているシューホンブレースを使用した。健常者のデータは特徴的な波形が得られた装具前後方向荷重において、立脚相初期では正の比較的小さい値、立脚相後期では負の大きい値が得られていた。装具使用者の荷重の変化は被検者によって差が大きかったが、大半の被検者は健常者と異なる値となった。ケイデンスおよび歩幅と装具腓腹部の前後方向荷重差との関係では、歩幅と前後方向荷重差との間に強い相関を認めた。被検者が装具から受ける荷重の大きさは歩幅ごとにある程度類推できた。

Dynamic behavior of a seatbelt is estimated by the numerical simulation method based on the drop weight test result of the seat belt under the pre-tension force. Material property of the seat belt to simulate dynamic behavior is identified through iterative simulations changing its Young's modulus value. The effect of mesh size of the simulation model on the simulation results is also considered. As results of this study, a modelling method including material property and mesh size are presented.

デジタルマネキンを用いて，ふとんに持ち手をつけた場合の運びやすさに関する研究を行った．

フィットキー機能を有するスマートフォンにおいて日本語入力のしやすさを調べるために筋電図計測実験を行った．

フィットキー機能を有するスマートフォンにおいて日本語入力のしやすさを調べるために筋電図計測実験を行った．

Studies based on the numerical simulation to understand the falling behavior of passengers on public transportation system have been carried out. Experimental verifications are necessary to understand the actual behavior and increase the accuracy of the simulation method. A carriage system on which a human body model can be seated is used and collision experiments are carried out under the very low speed of 0.21m/s. The movement of the carriage and the human body are measured with high speed cameras. In addition, a numerical simulation of the experiment with FEM code LS-DYNA is carried out to see the estimation accuracy of both the simulation model and the simulation method.

高速船の衝突を模擬して行った衝突実験において、台車上に着座している人体の転倒挙動を再現するために数値シミュレーションを行った。

デジタルマネキンを用いたユニバーサルデザイン・CAD演習におけるプロジェクト型演習について紹介した．

デジタルマネキンを用いたユニバーサルデザイン・CAD演習の取り組みを紹介した

ハニカム・サンドイッチ・パネルのコア材として、様々な形状にプレス成型した薄板を用い、静的荷重をかけた場合の有限要素解析を行った。前報の菱形や六角形に加えて波型のような曲線形状についても解析を行い、パネルのたわみ量や応力分布を比較し、軽量で剛性・強度が向上するコア形状について検討した。

バスの衝突事故を想定し、台車上に立っている乗客の転倒挙動を計測するために実施した衝突実験の装置と実験結果を紹介する。

スマートフォンでの文字入力時の母指の姿勢を分析し，筋電図計測実験を行って文字入力のしやすさを検討した．

デジタルマネキンを用いたユニバーサルデザイン集合教育の取り組みを紹介した．

コンピュータマネキンを用いて介護用シャワーチェアからの立ち上がり動作の解析と人間工学設計を行った．

高速船と岸壁の衝突を再現するために、台車上に立った人体の衝突実験を実施し、実験を対象とした転倒挙動の数値シミュレーションを行った。

Transient behavior of a passenger's body standing within a bus at sudden stop is estimated based on finite element method. The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of the velocity of the bus, the grip force of the passenger, facing direction and friction between shoes and floor on the falling behavior of a passenger's body at sudden stop. The bus model is made to represent the arrangement of a bus used for local transportation. The human body model is made to represent aged woman of about 70 years old, based on the human body scantling database of AIST Japan. As the first step of simulation, gravity effects are applied to the whole model. Then, initial velocity is applied to both the bus model and the human body model. The bus model collides with the barrier model to simulate the sudden stop of the bus. The FEM code LS-DYNA is used for current simulation.

Honeycomb panels with diamond-cut patterned core were analyzed by the finite element method applying thestatic bend load. The structure analysis were done when core size and joint shape were changed. The thickness of coreplates was decreased to keep light weight. The displacement and the stress distribution of panels were compared, andthe effect of the core size on the rigidity ofpanels was examined.

携帯電話のキー操作をする際の母指の姿勢を分析した．

人間工学科におけるデジタルマネキンを用いたユニバーサルデザイン集合教育の取り組みを紹介した．

In recent years, much attention has been focused on the energy utilization of woody biomass to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas. When the woody biomass is utilized, it is necessary to examine the energy consumption for collection of resources, pretreatment, transportation and after-treatment. The pretreatment of pulverized wood fuel is consisted of three procedures; drying, semi-carbonization and fine comminution. The purpose of the study is to investigate the comminution characteristic of the Japanese cedar thinning and the reduction in energy consumption for pretreatment process and transportation of pulverized wood fuel. Analysis of energy consumption for the pretreatment process and transportation is conducted by using the present empirical equations of work index. From the result of analysis, it is found that the semi-carbonization at a temperature of 250 degree C is effective to the reduction in total energy consumption, when the pulverized wood fuel of 2000 microns or less in particle size is utilized.

コンピュータマネキンを用いた日常生活用品の人間工学設計を行った．

擬似体液由来アパタイトの基材密着性と剥離挙動をナノスクラッチテストによって詳細に観察した結果を発表した。

筋電図計測による携帯電話の押しやすいキー配置に関する研究を行った．

通常のハニカムパネルで用いられるハチの巣形状のコアの代わりに、いわゆるダイヤカットと呼ばれる凹凸を形成した薄板をコアとして挟み込んだパネルについて、静的曲げ荷重をかけた場合の解析を行った。コアの多角形の形状や凸部斜面の角度などを変更し、質量を同等にして比較するために板厚を変更して、有限要素法を用いた構造解析を行った。接合部周辺の応力分布やパネルたわみ量を比較し、剛性に及ぼすコア形状の影響について検討した。

Honeycomb panels with diamond-cut patterned core were analyzed by the finite element method applying the static bend load. The structure analysis were done when the angle or polygonal shape of the core were changed. The thickness of core plates was decreased to keep light weight. The stress distribution and the displacement of around the joint parts were compared, and the effect of the core shape on the rigidity of panels was examined.

Transient behaviour of a passenger's body standing within a train at an accidental collision is estimated based on finite element method. The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of facing direction and grip force on the behaviour of a passenger's body at the accidental collision. A passenger's body model and a train model are developed to proceed a numerical simulation within a short time.

The purpose of this study is to develop "Semi-carbonized Bio-solid Fuels" used in the pulverized coal fired power plant. Experimental studies on formability of molded fuel and thermo-fluid phenomena of woody biomass are conducted to clarify the optimum molding conditions. The experimental results obtained are as follows. (1) Thermo-fluid phenomena of woody biomass: The occurrence temperature of thermo-fluid phenomena decreases as the molding pressure and the water content are increased. (2)Compression molding of semi-carbonized material: Rise in the molding temperature and the water content of woody biomass improve formability of molded fuel. It is found that the optimum molding conditions are closely related to the occurrence of Thermo-fluid phenomena of woody biomass.

デジタルヒューマンと筋電図計測との統合化による人間工学設計の高度化の方法について検討した．

通常のハニカムパネルで用いられる６角形のコアの代わりに、いわゆるダイヤカットと呼ばれるような凹凸を形成した薄板をコアとして挟み込んだパネルについて、静的曲げ荷重をかけた場合の構造解析を有限要素法により行った。表面材との接合部分の面積を大きくすれば応力集中を緩和できること、また、同じ質量の６角形ハニカムと比較して、ダイヤカット型ハニカムパネルのたわみ量は約２０％減少して剛性が向上することがわかった。

Extrusion experiments for pruned branches from fruit tree and Japanese cedar thinning were conducted at a uniform press speed. The results obtained in the present study are as follows. (1) The formability in extrusion process is significantly affected by the forming temperature and moisture contents of samples. The molding defects are observed at a forming temperature below 120 degree C for the moisture content of 17%. It is considered that the expansion of moldings is due to the residual free water. (2) The dynamic equilibrium load decreases with increasing forming temperature and moisture content. The temperature for the thermo-fluid phenomena of wood powder depends on tree species. It is found that the forming temperature for the branches of Japanese apricot and persimmon is lower than that for Japanese cedar.

The core of the diamond cutting type was placed instead of the hexagonal core used with a usual honeycomb panel. These panels were analyzed by the finite element method when the static bend load was applied. If the area of the joint part with the surface plate is enlarged, it has been understood that the concentration of stress can be decreased, and the deflection of the panel that uses the diamond cutting type core decreases compared with the hexagon honeycomb of the same weight and the rigidity improves.

Transient behaviour of a passenger's body standing within a train at an accidental collision is estimated based on finite element method. The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of facing direction and grip force on the behaviour of a passenger's body at the accidental collision. A passenger's body model and a train model are developed to proceed a numerical simulation within a short time.

携帯電話のキーの押しやすさを検討するために母指屈曲筋の筋電図計測を行った．

凸状コア部を形成したハニカムパネルでコア形状を変えて有限要素法による解析を行い剛性・強度を比較した。

日本語文ローマ字入力時の打鍵頻度を考慮したPCキーボード用キー配列について検討した．

骨粗鬆症のバイオメカニクスを研究するための装置として、X線マイクロCTを測定しながら骨試験片に不可を作用させことができるシステム開発について発表した。

トラス型ハニカムパネルは波板構造のコア部分を上下２枚の表面材で挟み込んだ３層構造のパネルである．波板構造はプレス成形や押出し成形により製造でき，六角形コアを用いる一般的なハニカムパネルよりも比較的容易に製造できる．本研究では，トラス型ハニカムパネルを有限要素法で解析し，コア部の波形状の角度や個数を変化させた場合の変位量と応力値を比較して，パネルの剛性と強度に与えるコア形状の影響について検討した．

The truss type honeycomb panel is three laminar structure that sandwiched a core part molded as wave pattern with two pieces of plates. The core parts of the wave shape molded by press or extrusion molding and produced more relatively easily than general honeycomb panel with a core of the hexagon. This truss type honeycomb panel was analyzed, and it was examined the influence that core shape gave stiffness and strength of the whole panel. The maximum stress became higher in a neighborhood of the joint with the core part and the surface plate. The stress did not decrease when fillets added to the joint parts,. When a cross-section of the core part became triangular, strength and stiffness increased.

薄板をプレス加工し六角形の凸部を全面に形成したハニカムパネルについて、有限要素法による解析を行った。六角形コア部の間隔や角部のフィレットが、パネルの剛性や応力集中に与える影響について検討した。

The honeycomb panel is used as a member for the structure that is light weight and high rigidity. There is a honeycomb structure which raised rigidity by adding the convex parts of the hexagon to one sheet by the press forming. For example, this structure is used for the top panel of the note PC. Because due to press forming, manufacturing process is simple. It is possible to adjust rigidity by changing the shape of the convex parts. The FEM analysis which changes the interval of the convex parts of this honeycomb panel was performed. It was confirmed that rigidity and strength of the honeycomb panel improved by reducing the intervals of the convex parts.

A simplified numerical simulation model to evaluate the generated acceleration value on an occupant at accidental collision is presented. Preceding study has been focused mainly on the behavior of human body seated fore faced. Addition to these studies, this study focuses on the behavior of the human body seated back faced. A series of numerical simulation is carried out with simplified 2D model of both.a human body and a seat, changing the stiffness of seat belt and connecting stiffness between a seat and a vehicle body. Finally, a possibility to evaluate the maximum acceleration value by the simulation results is shown.

座席、人体、シートベルトからなる簡易なモデルを作成し、後向きに着座した人体の衝突時の挙動を数値シミュレーションで推定し、前向きに着座した場合との違いおよび利点などについて検討を行った。