In order to confirm the effect of multiple moderate earthquakes on the response deformation of wooden houses at the time of a major earthquake, an earthquake response analysis, considering performance deterioration due to repeated small deformations, was conducted. As a result, it was found that the effect of multiple moderate earthquakes on the mean response deformation during a major earthquake was small. On the other hand, in some cases, the response deformation was up to 1.2 times larger than that of the sound case. In the case of a house where the response deformation was near the criteria of continuous use and/or collapse, the influence of the response magnification was large. This shows the importance of giving higher seismic performance compared to the standard. The response deformation during repeated medium earthquakes may increase for houses with considerably low seismic performance. However, for the houses that meet current standards, little to no increase in response deformation was seen.

To confirm how repeated small deformations caused by moderate earthquakes during the use period of a wooden house affect the shear resisting wall, in-plane shear experiments with numerous small deformations on walls using plywood, gypsum board, and wooden braces were conducted. Even with small deformations, it was found that the load decreased, and the equivalent stiffness decreased because of the repetition of the same deformation for plywood and gypsum board wall. At 200 times repetitions of 1/450 rad, the load decreased to about 85 % for the plywood wall and 70 % for the gypsum board wall. The load reduction due to repeated deformation of gypsum board wall was larger than that of other walls. However, the characteristic values were not significantly affected, even if the wall received repeated small deformations.

A single face shear experiment with numerous small deformations of the nailed joint was performed on plywood, OSB, MDF, and gypsum board to confirm whether cyclic deformations caused by moderate earthquakes affect the shear resisting wall of a wooden house. As a result, it was found that the maximum load and yield load are not significantly affected even when repeatedly small deformed. The reduction ratio of the load of gypsum boards was higher than that of other boards due to repeated deformation. Additionally, the equivalent stiffness of repeated specimens was reduced accordingly. It was supposed that the equivalent stiffness of the shear resisting wall decreases when it is repeatedly deformed.

The purpose of this study is to utilize timber material to enhance the in-plane shear strength and deformation capacity of a brick wall. The proposed strengthening method is light-weight and easy to assemble and includes a timber frame, plywood panel, M12 threaded rod with chemical epoxy, and the hold-down anchor. To evaluate the effectiveness of the reinforced brick wall, three walls were tested under a cyclic horizontal load and static compression stress: the brick wall (BW wall), the reinforced brick wall with timber (BW-T wall), and the reinforced brick wall with timber and the hold-down anchor (BW-TA wall). The proposed prediction method of the Kamiya and Inayama Murakami models assessed the BW-TA wall. The rocking was caused by the failure of BW and BW-T walls. However, because the BW-T wall failed in the lowest part of the wall, the timber part retained the original shape of the brick wall. When the diagonal on the BW-TA wall failed, the horizontal load at maximum load increased by 22%, and the drift angle calculated from the diagonal measurement increased 4.6 times.

Extraction of significant data and data reduction are desired in the 3D measurement of existing buildings. In this research, two methods were applied to interpolate and thin out the point clouds. One is the weighted least squares method which can create a surface that is not affected by outliers. The other is the simple shape extraction method using principal component analysis. This method is suitable for point clouds of directional members such as columns.

The ceiling structure is required to have a rational construction method to avoid interference with equipment. In this study, we propose a non-braced ceiling structure that does not cause interference between the ceiling material and the equipment. At this time, the proposed ceiling structure uses moment resistance joining using lightweight square steel pipes. In this study, these ceiling structures are called "framed ceiling". First of all, we report on the results of the materialtensile test of the steel materials used for the ceiling structure. Next, a static loading test was conducted to grasp the mechanical characteristics of the ceiling structure. In this paper, we report the results of these tests.

Recently, response control dampers are used to improve seismic response of high-rise building. In general, it is required to arrange the dampers efficiently on the plane of high-rise building structure. However, it is not easy to obtain the optimal placement of the dampers, because the damper’s performance depends on the dynamic behavior. Therefore, in this paper, a method to obtain an optimal placement of the response control dampers on the plane of high-rise building structure is proposed. In the present method, first, the dampers are placed on all possible places in the frame structure, and then the dampers are gradually removed by Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) method. The accumulated damping energy of the damper is used to determine the removal order. The effectiveness of the present method is verified by comparison with general placement plans.

In this paper, we focus on façade design of buildings used prefabricated walls, and we propose a method to design the prefabricated wall using topology optimization method. In this method, artificial design elements are added to the topology optimization method. In this paper, 2-axis symmetry and continuous pattern are adopted as the artificial design elements. Improved ESO (ESO) method is used for the topology optimization method. ESO method is improvement of initial ESO method, and in this method, benefits of BESO, Extended ESO, and CA-ESO methods are combined. In this paper, several numerical examples of computational morphogenesis of prefabricated walls are shown in order to verify the application possibility of the proposed method to the façade design of buildings used prefabricated walls.

Biomimetic technology (biomimetics) has recently attracted a great deal of attention in engineering field. Also, in architecture field, as represented by shell structure, biomimetics has been used for a long time. In recent years, the buildings which floors are supported by the structure such as trees or seaweeds have been built (Tod's Omotesando Building, Sendai Mediatheque). On the other hand, it is conceivable that the topology optimization can be used for biomimetics in architecture field, because it has been observed that the shape obtained by the topology optimization is relatively close to the natural form. Therefore, in this paper, several numerical examples of computational morphogenesis of building structures using IESO (Improved Evolutionary Structural Optimization) method3) are shown in order to verify the application possibility of the proposed method to the biomimetics. In IESO method, the design domain is divided in same eight-node brick elements (voxels), and in the optimization process, for solid element, it will be removed if the sensitivity number10) is less than the threshold value. This threshold value is obtained from the equation proposed in extended ESO12,13). This equation consists of the mean value of sensitivity number and the average deviation of sensitivity number with a control parameter. In the proposed method, the evolutionary volume ratio (reduction ratio) is given as an input data, and this control parameter is determined automatically in the program so as to satisfy the given reduction ratio approximately. Furthermore, in this paper, finishing algorithm is added to IESO. In this algorithm, first, the converged solution obtained by IESO is input, and then, the elements about 5% of the total elements of design domain are added according to the rule of CA method. Specifically, in order from the element which the sensitivity number is the greatest, the elements of the von Neumann neighborhood are added, and if the number of additional elements is greater than 5% of the total elements of design domain, this program is ended. Finally, the calculation of IESO is executed again with the smaller reduction ratio than the initial analysis (about 1/5∼1/10). Several numerical examples have been shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the effectiveness for the application to the biomimetics. By the numerical example which is used for design competition for a new train station for Florence (Fig.3), it is shown that natural and simple topology can be obtained by IESO (Fig.4), and it is also shown that if the finishing algorithm is added to IESO, the compliance of the solution obtained by IESO is less than CA-ESO (Fig.5∼8). (It was shown in the previous paper3) that the compliance of the solution obtained by SIMP is greater than CA-ESO.) In the next numerical examples, the structural morphologies which support the single or multi flat slab from various base support points is generated using IESO (Fig.9∼18). From these examples, it is shown that the structural morphologies like natural trees can be generated by IESO. It is concluded from these examples that IESO is one method which can be used for applying biomimetics to the building design.

The vibration characteristics of structures have been considered to be one of the important evaluation indices to clarify the seismic performance. This paper presented the results that were obtained from the ambient vibration of three existing school buildings before and after measurements of seismic retrofitting using a wireless measurement system. Results and comparisons between the modal parameters, first natural periods and story stiffness obtained by the before and after measurements of seismic retrofitting demonstrated that the measurement and data processing techniques used are valid for evaluating the seismic retrofitting works.

The vibration characteristics of structures have been considered to be one of the important evaluation indices to clarify the seismic performance. This paper presented the results that were obtained from the ambient vibration of an existing school building before and after measurements of seismic retrofitting using a wireless measurement system. Results and comparisons between the modal parameters, natural periods and displacements obtained by the before and after measurements of seismic retrofitting demonstrated that the measurement and data processing techniques used are valid for evaluating the seismic retrofitting works. Furthermore, to improve the reliability of this approach, a comparison of story rigidity between the measurement results and design documents was conducted. It is shown that this technique has high accuracy and usefulness.

In this paper, a simple method for topology optimization of frame structures is proposed. In this method, ESO (Evolutionary Structural Optimization) method is applied to ground structure method. An exact optimal solution may not be obtained by ESO method because it is a heuristic method. However, the approximate solution useful for structural design can be obtained by this method. In the proposed method, the ground structure is generated by connecting all nodes by beam elements (but it is possible to limit the maximum length of the elements, and it is also possible to remove the unnecessary elements), and in the optimization process, the elements with the lowest strain energy are deleted based on ESO method. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, in several numerical examples, the solutions obtained by the proposed method are compared with the solutions obtained by the density approach method (mathematical programming).

In this paper, an improved ESO (Evolutionary Structural Optimization) method for the topology optimization of 3D structures is proposed. In the proposed method, the idea of BESO method6, 7) and the idea of extended ESO method8, 9) are combined. In this method, the design domain is divided in same eight-node brick elements (voxels)14), and in the optimization process, for solid element, it will be removed if the strain energy is less than the threshold value. This threshold value is obtained from the equation proposed in extended ESO8, 9). This equation consists of the mean value of sensitivity number and the average deviation of sensitivity number with a control parameter. In the proposed method, the evolutionary volume ratio (reduction ratio) is given as input data, and this control parameter is determined automatically in the program so as to satisfy the given reduction ratio approximately. Three numerical examples have been shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for 3D structures. It was found from the results that the proposed method had the following advantages. (1) The parameters of optimization process are less than BESO, CA-ESO, and SIMP method. There are only two parameters, that is the evolutionary volume ratio (reduction ratio) and the scale parameter rmin in the filter scheme. Therefore, it is not necessary to do the preliminary analysis for setting the parameters. In the three examples shown in this paper, the evolutionary volume ratio λ is all 0.1, and the scale parameter rmin is all 2lX (lX : element's length of X direction). (2) The number of steps in the optimization process is very small compared with BESO, CA-ESO and SIMP method. The number of steps is 16 in example 1 (refer to Fig. 5), 22 in example 2 (refer to Fig. 9), and 20 in example 3 (refer to Fig. 13). Therefore, the computational efficiency is much better than the other methods. (3) Simple designs can be obtained by the proposed method. The topologies and compliance ratios by the proposed method are similar to ones obtained by SIMP and CA-ESO method. Please refer to Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 for example 1, refer to Fig. 8 and Fig. 10 for example 2, and refer to Fig. 12 and Fig. 14 for example 3. It can be seen that though the proposed method is one directional method which does not have additional process of elements, the resultant topologies have sufficient performance to give a hint to the architectural design.

The purpose of this research is reducing the cracks produced in the plastering mortar that has contraction restrained by ground concrete about the outer wall and floor component of reinforced concrete buildings. It tried to evaluate the relation between the construction time of plastering mortar and the small crack produced on the mortar surface by this paper. The examination object which finished in the middle of the month every month of one year, and constructed mortar was exposed to the outdoors and indoor using the small concrete with plastering mortar specimens, and the generating situation of a crack was observed. Consequently, it was experimentally shown clearly that small cracks become easy to produce the time when temperature falls in one month after the mortar plastering.

The purpose of this study is to develop the new seismic strengthening method of existing wooden houses. In this study, the fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) are used as the reinforcement material. This FRP hardens by irradiating the ultraviolet ray. In this study, we develop a good workability seismic strengthening method for existing wooden houses by using this FRP sheet. As a result, we were able to develop the new reinforcement design for the braced frame structural wall of the element ultimate strength (the wall ultimate strength factor) as over 4.0(kN/m) which was target value in this study.

In this study, a simple system of seismic diagnosis is developed. In this system, potable accelerometer and impact force are used. The potable accelerometer was developed by Matsuura and Ohkubo. It is possible to measure vibration easily, because it dose not need wiring and it is compact. The impact force is used to vibrate wooden house. It can be given by human power, but in this study a vibration exciter is made in order to evaluate the present system precisely. The proposed system is evaluated by measuring the natural period and the damping factor of the experiment wooden house in Kinki University.

This report presents the dynamic characteristics of two buildings of which structural systems consist of pre-cast concrete walls, connecting to reinforced concrete beams with bolts. One of the buildings was constructed 13 years ago and the other was newly constructed at the same site. Two buildings have approximately same dimensions. Array observations are done with seismometers in the buildings and the ground. Stiffness degradations by moderate earthquake were investigated in comparisons with dynamic properties of two buildings.

In this paper, it is shown that a crack prediction analysis for drying shrinkage of wet finishing plastering materials on the external wall. In this analysis, the drying shrinkage strain in the mortar is determined by proposal measurement procedure for the age. The internal stress in the finishing mortar is analyzed by finite element method based on the plane stress problem for the drying shrinkage strain derived from experimental measurement. We illustrate the method which predicts the crack generation point and time in finishing mortar. This present method is formulated by two-dimensional finite element method to apply the crack prediction for the opening on wall corners. The effectiveness of present method is verified by comparing the numerical results with the experimental tests. We investigate analytically the typical characteristics of the drying shrinkage of the external wall using wet finishing plastering material by numerical studies.

本研究は,建築生産を合理化・高度化するためにRFID技術(無線ICタグ)を活用することを検討するものである。建築生産の現場においては,システム構築において現場で用いるツール機器の選定が重要となる。本研究では,Personal Data Assistance(PDA)を用いた,PCaコンクリート部材の出荷・受入検査を対象としたシステムを構築し,その検討を行った。このPDAシステムを用いたシミュレーション実験を行った結果を報告するとともに,今後のシステム開発に有用となる建築生産実務者の意見を纏めた。

The purpose of the experiments in this paper is to clarify the physical and dynamic properties of the concrete at seventy years age which was suffered from atomic bombing at 1945 in Hiroshima The compressive strength and Young's modulus of the concrete by the side of an atomic bombed place showed the value lower than the other concrete specimens. The coefficient of water absorption of the concrete was very high and it became clear that there was almost no freeze dissolution resistance. And neutralization of concrete was progressing very unusually. Moreover, as concerns the concrete by the side of an atomic bombed place, neutralization from the outdoors side was higher than that of inner side. It is considered to have influenced the above-mentioned examination result greatly that especially concrete temperature rose in 500 degrees C-750 degrees C. The necessity for performing carefully the maintenance of the RC building which was suffered from atomic bombing was shown by this research.

The general influence of long term load upon shear behavior of nailed shear walls was confirmed in in-plane shear test of the shear walls in which the devices to measure the axial force acting on the bottom reinforcements were installed. The 24 experimental parameters are decided by the combination of presence of nailing on sill through sheet, connection types between columns and sill, and the several magnitude of long term loads. The formulae to calculate the shear resistance corresponding to the apparent shear strain of 1/120 rad. and the maximum shear resistance were derived considering the influence of long term load. The formulae were experimentally examined for their validity.

In this paper, and analytical model of wooden structures with the sheathed shear walls is shown. In this model, the stretching rigidity of the plywood is assumed a rigid body. Therefore, the degree of freedom can be reduced. This analysis method can analyze walls with random nailing arrangement. And, it is possible to handle multiple walls. The advantage of this method is to simple consider the sheathed shear wall for existing frame analysis program. The effectiveness of this analytical method is verified by comparing with the experimental result and we investigate the mechanical characteristics of the sheathed shear walls numerically.

本研究は左官モルタル仕上げを施したコンクリート壁面において,外気環境に伴う温冷ムーブメントが左官モルタルとコンクリートとの間の剥離発生に及ぼす影響を評価することを目的として実施した。実験は試験体の置かれた外気環境を変化させ,試験体内部の温度分布の経時変化を測定し,温度分布の変化を測定した。また,解析ではFEMによる熱伝導解析が試験体内部の温度変化や温度分布を精度良く算定できることを示した。さらに,弾性解析により左官モルタルとコンクリートとの層間に生じる応力を算定し,外気温が急激に低下するときに剥離が発生しやすいことを明かにした。

本研究は,建築生産を合理化・高度化するためにRFID技術(無線ICタグ)を活用することを検討するものである。建築施工において,筆者らは建築材料・部材の出荷・受入検査工程での利用が,RFII)技術の有効活用方策の一つと考えている。本報告では,PCaコンクリート部材の出荷・受入検査におけるRFID技術の有効活用方策のための業務フローを提案し,シミュレーション実験を行った結果を報告する。今後の活用のためにシミュレーション結果に関する建築生産実務家の意見を纏めるとともに,PCaコンクリート部材に対する読込み・書込みに関する無線透過性の実験結果も併せて示している。

本研究は左官モルタル仕上げを施したコンクリート壁面において,外気環境に伴う温冷ムーブメントが左官モルタルとコンクリートとの間の剥離発生に及ぼす影響を評価することを目的として実施した。実験は試験体の置かれた外気環境を変化させ,試験体内部の温度分布の経時変化を測定し,温度分布の変化を測定した。また,解析ではFEMによる熱伝導解析が試験体内部の温度変化や温度分布を精度良く算定できることを示した。さらに,弾性解析により左官モルタルとコンクリートとの層間に生じる応力を算定し,外気温が急激に低下するときに剥離が発生しやすいことを明かにした。

This experimental study aimed to clarify some influence of several initial curing conditions to give the adhesion unity of concrete and finishing mortar. In this experiment, the initial curing conditions were set six types of environment conditions. The six types of environment were standard curing, wind and standard curing, hot and wet curing, freeze and dry curing, hot and moisture curing, and, freeze fusion repetitions curing. Each initial curing gave for finishing mortar when it applied on concrete specimens. After each initial curing finished, these each specimen was burdened two severe environments which were sunshine sprinkling repetitions or freeze fusion repetitions. And then, these specimens were measured distortion and change of adhesive strength occurred to them.

This is a technical report for the development of slab including L-shaped void, which is compensating the faults by not only 1 way void slab but also 2 way one. In this study, we report the primary rigidity, yielding rigidity, and the shape of crack in this loading condition. This construction has two characteristics. One is mitigating the degree of anisotropy by using the slab with L-shaped void tube. Two is simplifying the design for slabs by regularly arranging the unit of tube.

Wooden structures have been used in Japanese temples and shrines from the ancient. But the mechanical behaviors of these structures are not clear because of complexity of the construction method and the anisotropy of woods. Today, it is important to clarify the structural mechanism of the construction method of these Japanese tradition wooden structures so as to establish the preservation and repair technique of cultural assets. The purpose of this study is to construct the frame analysis method for easily obtaining the complicated mechanical characteristic of wooden structures by frame analysis. In this paper, the seismic response analysis of Japanese traditional wooden structures using the spring element is shown.

The optimaization of a frame structure subject to a elasto-plastic deformation is presented until the building comes to a collapse in order to ensure the safety of the building for the large earthquake. In this paper, Two the mathematical programming method is based on total volume and ultimate strength of a frame structure. We investigate the validity of these optimized design variables and collapse mode by numerical examples with two formulations that replaced constraint with objective function.

Wooden structures have been used in Japanese temples and shrines from the ancient. But the mechanical behaviors of these structures are not clear because of complexity of the construction method and the anisotropy of woods. Today, it is important to clarify the structural mechanism of the construction method of thesis Japanese tradition wooden structures, when saving and repair technique of cultural assets are established. Therefore the analysis is desired that efficiently calculates these factors. The purpose of this study is to construct the frame analysis method for easily obtaining the complicated mechanical characteristic of wooden structures by frame analysis. In this paper, it is shown that the modeling of column rocking resistance in Japanese traditional wooden structures for frame analysis using the spring element.

In this paper, a topology optimization method of frame structure using the ground structure approach is shown. In this method, the finite element with the spring for bending in both edges, is used. By using this element, it is possible to analyze rigid frame, truss, and semi-rigid frame. In the ground structure approach for topology design, the problem which minimizes the compliance (maximizes the stiffness) for a given total mass of the structure is solved. In this paper, the SLP method with move limit is used to solve this optimization problem, and the method for removing the members which have relatively small cross section from the optimum solution is shown. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated by some numerical examples.

In this paper, an analysis method by computers based on optimum design of frames with semi-rigid connection is shown. This method evaluates the connection stiffness and the member sizes as design variables. The discrete member sizes are evaluated by referring to the database system as continuous function. The optimization algorithm minimizes the cost of not only members but also the connections of the structure subjected to constraints on stresses and displacements under specified design loads. Four examples are presented to illustrate features of this optimization method.

In this paper, the method of the optimal design for plane steel frame structures is presented. The sectional areas are automatically selected so as to be a minimum weight frame under the restraint conditions of the limited angle between the layers and the allowable stress in the composed members. In the present method, the sensitivity coefficients are numerically calculated by the finite difference method and the actual members on the market are selected by using the error functions between the obtained numerical solution and the discrete actual sectional properties of members. The interesting optimal solutions, which have the three local solutions, are obtained in an example of the plane steel frame with 5 floors and 3 spans.

本研究は，RC造建築物の補修としてニーズが高い①ひび割れ補修，②剥落防止補修，③防水補修の３工法を対象として，補修効果の持続性を定量的に評価する技術を確立し，先導的なデータを蓄積する。具体的には，本研究は「各種補修工法の補修効果の持続性に関する評価方法の提案と実験データ蓄積，および実建築物で補修効果を計測する技術の提案と検証」という明確な目的を設定して検討を行う。また，本研究の特徴として，広島市に現存する被爆RC造建築物「被服支廠倉庫」の実証実験を実施することが挙げられる。 2021年度は，「①ひび割れ補修」に関しては，実験室レベルにおけるひび割れ挙動再現手法を確立し，ひび割れ注入工法とアクリル塗膜による壁面全面被覆工法の補修効果持続性を比較できた。2022年度はさらに多くの補修工法の比較を行う予定である。また，本課題では，ひび割れ補修効果を実現場で評価できる簡易試験方法も提案し，その実用化の見通しを得た。「②剥落防止補修」に関しては，打診検査による評価手法の高度化に取り組み，一定の成果を得た。また，常時モニタリング手法として，光ファイバ（FBG）を用いた剥離判定手法の提案を行い，実験室レベルで，温冷ムーブメントによる剥離の進行状況を明らかにすることができた。さらに被爆建築物（被服支廠倉庫）に生じている不同沈下による劣化を，常時微動で判断する技術の確立にも取り組んだ。「③防水補修」に関しては，アクリル系塗膜防水材を活用した外壁防水補修技術に取り組むとともに，被服支廠倉庫の予備調査では，防水補修工法の工事品質を高めるための漏水起点の検知技術の開発に取り組んだ。2022年度は防水と断熱性能向上を組み合わせた外壁・屋根補修工法を対象として，熱流センサを用いた評価技術について検討を行う予定である。

本研究は，建築物の天井脱落事故を未然に防ぐための安全性能評価システムの構築と，適用規模に応じた新しい吊り天井構造を開発することを目的として実施したものである。安全性能評価システムには，無線技術によるMEMS高感度三軸加速度計を用い，既存の吊り天井構造において，振れ止めブレース等の耐震部材が想定通り適切な配置で施工されているかを定量的に検査するシステムの開発を行った。また，天井ふところが3mを超える大型の天井構造を対象とした特殊加工軽量形鋼による新しい天井構造を提案し，実験によりその耐震性能を検討した。

本研究は，建築外壁に関し，濡れや乾湿繰返しなど，部材内部の水分移動をモニタリングし，部材の物理的劣化や居住性の低下をより早期に防止するための診断技術を確立することを目的として実施した。まず，ICタグを活用したNFC技術によって携帯電話等でデータを取り込むシステムを構築した。この計測システムを用いて，実際の建築部材を想定した模擬部材や実際の建築物で様々な実験を行った。その結果，本研究により，建築物における濡れモニタリングシステムの基盤を構築することができた。

近年、地震、津波、集中豪雨などによる自然災害が多発し、道路や橋梁などのライフラインが寸断し、それらに対する災害リスクが高まっている。復旧の速さは生活に関わる優先かつ重要な課題である。本研究課題は、展開構造物の発展とその可能性を確証するために、スマート構造概念に基づく、多重に折畳める仮設橋システムの実験橋を実際に製造し、設計解析ならびに強度実験によってその可能性を検証することにある。構造解析学上の後座屈解析理論から多重折畳み展開機構による橋の技術を伸展させることによって、次世代の安全でスマートな仮設橋システムの開発を進めてきた。

建築骨組の免震・制振ディバイスの性能最適化のための数値実験システムの要素技術を開発した。本システムは，鋼材料の繰返し載荷特性をモデル化するための構成則とパラメータ同定法，少ない解析回数で精度の保証された近似最適解を得ることができる確率的手法，骨組のパラメータと応答値の現実的な上・下限値を求めるための確率的手法で構成される。 制振ディバイスの例として，せん断パネルダンパーの形状を最適化し，塑性エネルギー消費能力や変形能力を大きく向上できることを示した。また，免震骨組の地震応答解析を実施し，支承の地震時の局所応答を，詳細に検討可能であることを示した。

本年度は，前年度から引き続き実施中の屋外暴露試験の最終実験を実施した。その結果，母材木材に集成材（ｵｳｼｭｳｶﾗﾏﾂE105-F300）を用いた試験体では，屋外暴露期間12か月経過に対する単位幅あたりのFRPと木材のせん断接着耐力は初期性能とほぼ同じ4kN/cm程度であり，12か月間の屋外暴露に対してFRPの接着耐力の劣化はほとんど生じないことが確認された。また本年度は，昨年度の接合部要素実験結果を踏まえ，ボルトとFRP貼り付け方法に改良を加えた接合部試験体を作成し，柱脚接合部に対する仕様（I型試験体）と，柱勝とした柱梁接合部に対する仕様（T型試験体）および梁勝とした柱梁接合部に対する仕様（L型試験体）の3種類の加力実験を実施し，各接合部におけるFRPの耐力性能を確認した。これらの試験ではいずれも直交構面の梁を取り付けるための梁受け金物による断面欠損の影響を考慮した。本年度の接合部要素実験結果の概要は次に示す通りである。I型試験体：曲げ耐力 FRP無89.2kNm，FRP有105.2kNm，初期剛性 FRP無8132kNm/rad，FRP有10052kNm/radT型試験体：曲げ耐力 FRP無91.1kNm，FRP有110.0kNm，初期剛性 FRP無4340kNm/rad，FRP有5180kNm/radL型試験体：曲げ耐力 FRP無70.4kNm，FRP有96.9kNm，初期剛性 FRP無2452kNm/rad，FRP有5308kNm/radまた，本実験における接合部仕様の耐力特性を用いた弾塑性解析を実施し，階高3m，スパン6mとした2層1スパンの木質ラーメン骨組架構に本仕様を適用した際の保有水平耐力を求めると，FRP無に対しFRP有の架構では約1.6倍の耐力特性となることが示された。

本研究は,建築物や部材の劣化や健全度を判断するために,実際の建築物において,計測の制約にとらわれない技術として,本研究により,下記を明らかにした。 (1) 本研究で開発した無線加速度MEMS センサにより,構造物の振動性状,地震や交通振動を精度よく計測でき,構造物の長寿命化のための診断システムの基盤を構築した。 (2) ICタグを用いた構造物の維持管理の高度化のための情報保管・入手システムの実用化の基盤を構築し,一部実用化を達成できた。 (3) 無線およびNFC技術を活用した濡れセンサの試作を行い,実用化のための基礎実験を行い,その見通しを得た。 以上の成果は構造物の長寿命化のための診断技術として極めて有効であると考えている

伝統構法木造建築物では、仕口・接合部や耐力壁など構造ディテールの性能評価を含めた総合的かつ合理的な構造設計法は、いまだ確立されていない。本研究では、木材のめり込みなどによる仕口・接合部の耐力発現のメカニズムおよび土塗り壁や木造軸組の力学特性や破壊性状を実験的かつ解析的に解明するとともに、構造ディテールに基づく伝統木造建築物の設計法に適用するための評価手法を開発した。

本研究は,戸建て木造住宅に対する施工性を重視した新しい耐震補強技術を開発することを目的として実施するものである。補強材としては,紫外線の照射を受けることで硬化が開始する繊維補強樹脂(FRP)に着目し,この紫外線硬化型FRPシートを用いて施工性にすぐれた既存木造住宅の耐震補強工法の開発を行った。その結果,筋かい軸組耐力壁の要素耐力(壁強さ倍率)を目標値としていた4.0(kN/m)以上となる補強仕様を実現することができた。

本研究はRC構造物に生じた挙動のあるひび割れ補修工法の選定手法の合理化を目的としたものである。合理的なひび割れ補修材を選定するためには、補修直後の補修効果(初期性能)のみならず、その持続性を評価することの必要性に着目し、実験検討を行った。本研究では、ひび割れ補修材として汎用されている材料を抽出し、補修材料単体及びひび割れ補修を施したコンクリート試験体に対し、実験室レベルで過酷な気象環境をシミュレーションした促進劣化外力を与えた。その結果、促進劣化外力による補修材単体の変化や補修効果の低下が補修材ごとに異なることを明らかにし、補修効果の持続性を評価することの重要性を示した。また、ひび割れ注入工法における施工性の評価や補修効果の検査手法の提案を行い、有効性を確認した。

本研究は鉄筋コンクリート建築物を対象とし、積層部材内部における剥離発生メカニズムを解明し、効果的な剥離防止技術を実験および数値解析の両面から検証して提案するために実施した。 本研究では特に温冷・乾湿ムーブメントによる剥離を対象として検討を行い,解析ではFEMによって気温が急激に低下するときにコンクリート躯体と仕上げモルタルとの剥離発生が生じやすいことを明らかにした。 実験では,日射吸収量の多い斜め外壁では,温度上昇がもたらす温冷ムーブメントが剥離作用を促進するため,日射による温度上昇を可能な限り制御することが接着一体安全性を確保する上で重要であることを定量的に示した。また,モルタルとコンクリートの界面への水の浸入は,特に仕上モルタルの変形が拘束される部位では,接着一体性の低下につながるため,降雨による浸水の可能性が高い斜め外壁等の部位では水浸入を的確に防ぐことの重要性を指摘した。 養生期間の影響については,養生環境が10℃,20℃,30℃での適切な養生期間を明らかにした。すなわち,20℃環境下で施工を行う場合には養生期間は3日でも比較的高い品質を保つことができることを示した。また,比較的低温環境といえる10℃環境下では,10日以上の養生期間を確保することで日射・散水に対する抵抗性を高く保つことができることを示した。30℃環境下では日射・散水により接着一体性が低下しやすい傾向が認められ,このことから夏期における施工では初期養生における品質管理が重要であることを指摘した。本実験の範囲では暑中環境では養生期間を14日以上確保することが望ましいことを示した。ただし,今回の研究の範囲では養生期間と強度の関係を定量的に明確にできなかったため,今後更に検討が必要であると考えている。