WAKABAYASHI Tomonari

Researcher Information

Degree

• Ph. D. (Natural Science)

URL

https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=200901029860863274

ORCID ID

•  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5563-6618

J-Global ID

• 200901029860863274

Research Interests

• laser vaporization   carbon cluster   laser ablation   cluster   one-photon ionization   fine particle   monocyclic ring   dehydroannulene   thermographic image   mass spectrometry   photodissociation   blackbody radiation   size separation   UV-VIS absorption   thermography   VUV laser   cold matrix   UV absorption spectrum   matrix isolation   dual wavelength measurement   IR absorption   spectroscopic identification   carbon chain molecule   matrix isolation spectroscopy   photoelectron spectroscopy   laser spectroscopy   polyyne   nanotube   fullerene   nano particle   carbon   mass spectroscopy   

Research Areas

• Nanotechnology/Materials / Basic physical chemistry
• Natural sciences / Theoretical studies related to particle-, nuclear-, cosmic ray and astro-physics
• Energy / Nuclear engineering
• Nanotechnology/Materials / Nanostructure physics
• Nanotechnology/Materials / Nanostructure chemistry

Academic & Professional Experience

• 2013/04 - Today  Kindai UniversitySchool of Science and EngineringProfessor
• 2007/04 - 2013/03  Kindai UniversitySchool of Science and EngineeringAssociate Professor
• 2004/04 - 2007/03  Kindai UniversitySchool of Science and EngineeringLecturer
• 1995/04 - 2004/03  Kyoto UniversityGraduate School of ScienceAssistant Professor
• 2000/05 - 2001/05  Max-Planck-Institut für KernphysikGuest Researcher
• 1993/04 - 1995/03  JSPSResearch FellowDC1

Education

• 1993/04 - 1995/03  Tokyo Metropolitan University  Graduate School of Science  Ph. D. Course
• 1991/04 - 1993/03  Tokyo Metropolitan University  Graduate School of Science  Master Course
• 1987/04 - 1991/03  Tokyo Metropolitan University  Faculty of Science  Department of Chemistry

Association Memberships

• JAPAN SOCIETY FOR MOLECULAR SCIENCE   AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY   THE SOCIETY OF NANO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   THE FULLERENES, NANOTUBES, AND GRAPHENE RESEARCH SOCIETY   AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY   THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN   THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN   

Published Papers

• Infrared emission spectra of fullerene C60 thin films

  Tomonari Wakabayashi; Hal Suzuki; Miho Hatanaka; Hiroyuki Wakabayashi; Takeshi Kodama

  Physical Review B 2024/01 [Refereed]
  
• Shear-DSC study on the crystal-isotropic phase transition of semidilute aqueous cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) solutions

  Taro Yamamoto; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Tadashi Kamiyama; Hal Suzuki

  Thermochimica Acta Elsevier BV 730 179629 - 179629 0040-6031 2023/12 [Refereed]
  
• Calorimetry of phase transitions in liquid crystal 8CB under shear flow.

  Taro Yamamoto; Yuki Nagae; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Tadashi Kamiyama; Hal Suzuki

  Soft matter 19 (8) 1492 - 1498 2023/02 [Refereed]
   

  A differential scanning calorimeter equipped with a shearing system (shear rate of  < 400 s-1) was developed to elucidate the thermodynamic properties of liquid crystalline phase transitions under shear flow. An analytical method was proposed to accurately estimate the heat flow caused by shear friction to evaluate the transition entropies. The phase transitions of 4'-n-octyl-4-cyano-biphenyl (8CB) under shear flow were investigated using the developed calorimeter. Although several shear-induced transitions for 8CB have been reported in the past using viscosity and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements, only the nematic-isotropic (N-I) and smectic-A-nematic (SA-N) transitions were detected as heat flow peaks. The N-I transition temperature was almost independent of the shear rate. The SA-N transition temperature was also independent of the shear rate, but the transition peak was broadened by applying shear flow. For both transitions, the transition entropies were independent of the shear rate. These results suggest that the thermodynamic properties were not considerably changed by shearing because the molecular alignments in the domains were not substantially changed, whereas shearing changed the LC domain directions, which can be detected by viscosity and SAXS measurements.
• N@C60 formation by laser-induced breakdown in nitrogen gas flow

  M. Maejima; H. Shiromaru; K. Kikuchi; T. Kodama; T. Wakabayashi

  Carbon Trends Elsevier BV 9 100212 - 100212 2667-0569 2022/10 [Refereed]
  
• Mass-Resolved Momentum Imaging of Three Dichloroethylene Isomers by Femtosecond Laser-Induced Coulomb Explosion

  Yoriko Wada; Hiroshi Akagi; Takayuki Kumada; Ryuji Itakura; Tomonari Wakabayashi

  Photochem 2022/09 [Refereed]
  
• Thermodynamic investigation on melting and recrystallization of poly(dimethylsiloxane) rubbers under strain

  Miyu Umeda; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Tadashi Kamiyama; Hal Suzuki

  Polymer Elsevier BV 254 125105 - 125105 0032-3861 2022/07 [Refereed]
  
• Phosphorescence of Hydrogen-Capped Linear Polyyne Molecules C8H2, C10H2 and C12H2 in Solid Hexane Matrices at 20 K

  Tomonari Wakabayashi; Urszula Szczepaniak; Kaito Tanaka; Satomi Saito; Keisuke Fukumoto; Riku Ohnishi; Kazunori Ozaki; Taro Yamamoto; Hal Suzuki; Jean-Claude Guillemin; Haruo Shiromaru; Takeshi Kodama; Miho Hatanaka

  Photochem {MDPI} {AG} 2 (1) 181 - 201 2022/02 [Refereed][Invited]
   

  Laser-ablated polyyne molecules, H(C≡C)nH, were separated by size in solutions and co-condensed with excess hexane molecules at a cryogenic temperature of 20 K in a vacuum system. The solid matrix samples containing C8H2, C10H2, and C12H2 molecules were irradiated with UV laser pulses and the phosphorescence 0–0 band was observed at 532, 605, and 659 nm, respectively. Vibrational progression was observed for the symmetric stretching mode of the carbon chain in the ground state with increments of ~2190 cm−1 for C8H2, ~2120 cm−1 for C10H2, and ~2090 cm−1 for C12H2. Temporal decay analysis of the phosphorescence intensity revealed the lifetimes of the triplet state as ~30 ms for C8H2, ~8 ms for C10H2, and ~4 ms for C12H2. The phosphorescence excitation spectrum reproduces UV absorption spectra in the hexane solution and in the gas phase at ambient temperature, although the excitation energy was redshifted. The symmetry-forbidden vibronic transitions were observed for C10H2 by lower excitation energies of 25,500–31,000 cm−1 (320–390 nm). Detailed phosphorescence excitation patterns are discussed along the interaction of the polyyne molecule and solvent molecules of hexane.
• Metastable and stable phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)/water binary system

  Taro Yamamoto; Yusuke Yagi; Toshimitsu Hatakeyama; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Tadashi Kamiyama; Hal Suzuki

  Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 625 0927-7757 2021/09 [Refereed]
   

  The thermodynamic properties of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)/water system were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (235–395 K) and adiabatic calorimetry (78–320 K), and the stable phase diagram was established, in which the locations of phase boundaries were precisely determined. The micellar phase and the lyotropic liquid crystalline (LC) phases were found to transform into a metastable gel phase via rapid cooling, and a metastable phase diagram was also constructed. The hexagonal LC phase was found to consist of two types of phases with different thermodynamic characteristics. The transitions from the separated two-phase “CTAB crystal + solution” to the micellar and LC phases were also investigated, and it was found that the transition occurs in a two-step manner, wherein the transitions at lower temperatures depended on the thermal history. The enthalpy of fusion of the ice that coexisted with the CTAB crystal did not provide any evidence for the CTAB crystal being hydrated by non-freezing water.
• Phosphorescence excitation mapping and vibrational spectroscopy of HC9N and HC11N cyanopolyynes in organic solvents

  Urszula Szczepaniak; Kazunori Ozaki; Kaito Tanaka; Yuma Ohnishi; Yoriko Wada; Jean Claude Guillemin; Claudine Crépin; Robert Kołos; Yusuke Morisawa; Hal Suzuki; Tomonari Wakabayashi

  Journal of Molecular Structure 1214 0022-2860 2020/08 [Refereed]
   

  © 2020 Elsevier B.V. Cyanopolyyne molecules, HC9N and HC11N, were isolated in solutions and UV, IR, and resonance Raman spectra were measured for the study of their electronic and vibrational properties. Strong signals were observed both in the IR and resonance Raman spectra for the stretching vibrational mode of the sp-hybridized linear carbon chain in the electronic ground state, i.e., σ4 at 2141 cm−1 for HC9N and σ6 at 2105 cm−1 for HC11N. Trapped in cryogenic solid acetonitrile matrix hosts at 20 K, transitions in phosphorescence, a˜3Σ+ → X˜1Σ+, were observed for HC9N at 582.3 nm (0–0) and longer wavelengths and for HC11N at 643.7 nm (0–0) and longer wavelengths. Electronic transitions in the UV, 1Σ+ ← X˜1Σ+, were elucidated by phosphorescence excitation mapping to observe asymmetric patterns with sharp emission-absorption features explainable by Shpolsky effects. For HC9N, three distinct trapping sites were discernible in solid acetonitrile, while the phosphorescence spectra were blurred in solid n-hexane. The observed phosphorescence lifetime of HC9N was longer than that of HC11N, comparable to the trend reported for the series of cyanopolyyne molecules in solid krypton matrix hosts.
• Matrix isolation spectroscopy and spectral simulations of isotopically substituted C60 molecules

  Tomonari Wakabayashi; Takamasa Momose; Mario E. Fajardo

  The Journal of Chemical Physics {AIP} Publishing 151 (23) 234301 - 234301 0021-9606 2019/12 [Refereed]
  
• Determining the Coordination Number of Li⁺ and Glyme or Poly (ethylene glycol) in Solution using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopy.

  Ueno N; Wakabayashi T; Morisawa Y

  Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry 36 (1) 91 - 93 0910-6340 2019/12 [Refereed]
   

  Attenuated total reflectance–far ultraviolet (ATR-FUV) spectra of Li⁺ and polyether ligands, such as glymes and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), in solution give information about changes in the electronic states of the ligands. From the ATR-FUV spectra, the coordination numbers between Li⁺ and monoglyme, diglyme, triglyme, and PEG400 were determined to be 4, 5, 6, and 5, respectively. Our results indicate that Li⁺ is coordinated only by the ligands rather than its counter-ions.
• Changes in the Electronic Transitions of Polyethylene Glycol upon the Formation of a Coordinate Bond with Li+, Studied by ATR Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

  Nami Ueno; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Harumi Sato; Yusuke Morisawa

  JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A AMER CHEMICAL SOC 123 (50) 10746 - 10756 1089-5639 2019/12 [Refereed]
   

  This study investigates the electronic transitions of complexes of lithium with polyethylene glycol (PEG) by the absorption bands of solvent molecules via attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy in the far-UV region (ATR-FUV). Alkali-metal complexes are interesting materials because of their functional characteristics such as good ionic conductivity. These complexes are used as polymer electrolytes for Li batteries and as one of the new types of room-temperature ionic liquids, termed solvation ionic liquids. Considering these applications, alkali-metal complexes have been studied mainly for their electrochemical characteristics; there is no fundamental study providing a clear understanding of electronic states in terms of electronic structures for the ground and excitation states near the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest occupied molecular orbital transitions. This study explores the electronic transitions of ligand molecules in alkali-metal complexes. In the ATR-FUV spectra of the Li-PEG complex, a decrease in intensity and a large blue shift (over 4 nm) were observed to result from an increase in the concentration of Li salts. This observation suggests the formation of a complex, with coordinate bonding between Li+ and the O atoms in PEG. Comparison of the experimental spectrum with a simulated spectrum of the Li-PEG complex calculated by time-dependent density functional theory indicated that changes in the intensities and peak positions of bands at approximately 155 and 177 nm (pure PEG shows bands at 155, 163, and 177 nm) are due to the formation of coordinate bonding between Li+ and the O atoms in the ether molecule. The intensity of the 177 nm band depends on the number of residual free O atoms in the ether, and the peak wavelength at approximately 177 nm changes with the expansion of the electron clouds of PEG. We assign a band in the 145-155 nm region to the alkali-metal complex because we observed a new band at approximately 150 nm in the ATR-FUV spectra of very highly concentrated binary mixtures.
• Efficient polyyne formation by ns and fs laser-induced breakdown in ethylene and acetylene gas flow

  Takizawa, N.; Kodama, T.; Shiromaru, H.; Wakabayashi, T.; Al-Tuairqi, S.; Wang, Q.; Zhang, H.; S; erson, J.H.

  Carbon 152 372 - 375 0008-6223 2019/11 [Refereed]
   

  © 2019 Elsevier Ltd We studied polyyne formation by gas phase laser-induced breakdown in ethylene and acetylene gas flow using ns and fs lasers. The results show that acetylene is the most efficient target molecule for generating polyynes with high selectivity. Of the two lasers, the fs laser achieved higher selectivity for the production of hydrogen-capped polyynes. We also confirmed strong correlations between C2 radical and polyyne production, which have already been observed for larger hydrocarbon targets. In terms of the polyyne formation mechanism, we suggest decomposition of irradiated soot to be a possible pathway, in addition to carbon chain growth by binary collisions.
• Bi2Ne: Weakly bound cluster of diatomic bismuth with neon

  Asuka Endo; Miho Hatanaka; Nami Ueno; Yusuke Morisawa; Tomonari Wakabayashi

  LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 45 (7) 689 - 696 1063-777X 2019/07 [Refereed][Invited]
   

  The A-X transition of diatomic bismuth, Bi-2, was revisited by laser induced fluorescence in solid Ne at 3K. Molecular constants, i.e., vibrational frequencies of 137cm(-1) and 174cm(-1), were reproduced for the upper and lower electronic states as reported by Bondybey et al. [Chem. Phys. Lett. 76, 30 (1980)]. Two-dimensional mapping of emission spectra confirmed satellite bands in higher and lower excitation/emission energies for each of the major bands in the vibrational progression of v '-v '' (v '=0-5, v ''=5-12). Based on the molecular orbital calculations, presence of clusters, Bi2Nen (n=1-6), is proposed for possible carriers of the observed satellites. For the relatively large matrix shift of similar to 67cm(-1) in solid Ne for the term energy of the A state, the diatomic bismuth is supposed to exist as a linearly coordinated cluster of Bi2Ne in the matrix.
• UV-polarizing linear polyyne molecules aligned in PVA

  R. Sata; H. Suzuki; N. Ueno; Y. Morisawa; M. Hatanaka; T. Wakabayashi

  Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 32 175 - 181 1674-0068 2019/04 [Refereed]
   

  © 2019 Chinese Physical Society. Electronic absorption bands of conjugated linear carbon chain molecules, namely polyynes H(CC) n H (n=5-7), are exploited to devise light-polarizing films applicable to the UV. Laser ablated polyynes are separated in size and dispersed in a film of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which is stretched to align the trapped linear polyyne molecules inside. As a nature of the structural anisotropy, transition dipole of the UV absorption for polyyne molecules is in parallel with the molecular axis and the absorption occurs only for the electromagnetic wave having the amplitude of its electric vector along the molecular axis. Aligned and fixed orientationally in the solid PVA film, polyyne molecules act as selective absorbers of one of the polarization components of incident light at particular wavelength. Using a light source of linearly polarized UV light, whose direction of polarization is rotatable, angular dependence of the absorption intensity is investigated for the stretched PVA film containing aligned polyyne molecules and analyzed in terms of an order parameter in the theory of linear dichroism.
• Theoretical study of lanthanide-based in vivo luminescent probes for detecting hydrogen peroxide.

  Hatanaka M; Wakabayashi T

  Journal of computational chemistry 40 (2) 500 - 506 0192-8651 2019/01 [Refereed]
  
• Bi2Ne: Weakly bound cluster of diatomic bismuth with neon

  Endo, A.; Hatanaka, M.; Ueno, N.; Morisawa, Y.; Wakabayashi, T.

  Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur 45 (7) 807 - 815 0132-6414 2019/01 [Refereed][Invited]
   

  © 2019 Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering. All rights reserved. The A-X transition of diatomic bismuth, Bi2, was revisited by laser induced fluorescence in solid Ne at 3 K. Molecular constants, i.e., vibrational frequencies of 137 cm-1 and 174 cm-1, were reproduced for the upper and lower electronic states as reported by Bondybey et al. [Chem. Phys. Lett. 76, 30 (1980)]. Two-dimensional mapping of emission spectra confirmed satellite bands in higher and lower excitation/emission energies for each of the major bands in the vibrational progression of v′-v″ (v′ = 0.5, v″ = 5-12). Based on the molecular orbital cal-culations, presence of clusters, Bi2Nen (n = 1-6), is proposed for possible carriers of the observed satellites. For the relatively large matrix shift of ∼ 67 cm-1 in solid Ne for the term energy of the A state, the diatomic bismuthis supposed to exist as a linearly coordinated cluster of Bi2Ne in the matrix.
• Elucidation of the electronic states in polyethylene glycol by attenuated Total reflectance spectroscopy in the far-ultraviolet region

  Nami Ueno; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Yusuke Morisawa

  SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 197 170 - 175 1386-1425 2018/05 [Refereed]
   

  We measured the attenuated total reflectance-far ultraviolet (ATR-FUV) spectra of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG; average molecular weights of 200, 300, and 400) and related materials in the liquid state in the 145-200-nm wavelength region. For appropriately assigning the absorption bands, we also performed theoretical simulation of the unit-number dependent electronic spectra. The FUV spectra of PEGs contain three bands, which are assigned to the transitions between n(CH2OCH2)-3s Rydberg state (176 nm), n(CH2OCH2)-3p Rydberg state (163 nm), and n(OH)-3p Rydberg state (153 nm). Since the contribution of n(OH) decreases compared to n (CH2OCH2) with increase in the number of units, the ratios of the molar absorption coefficients, epsilon, at 153 nm relative to 163 nm, decrease. On the other hand, the ratio of epsilon at 176 nm to that at 163 nm increases with increase in the number of units, because of the difference in the number of unoccupied orbitals in the transitions. The calculated results suggest that n orbitals form two electronic bands. In the upper band, the electrons expand over the ether chain, whereas in the lower band, the electrons are localized in the terminal OH in the PEGs. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• Computational study on the luminescence quantum yields of terbium complexes with 2,2′-bipyridine derivative ligands

  Miho Hatanaka; Ayato Osawa; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Keiji Morokuma; Miki Hasegawa

  Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Royal Society of Chemistry 20 (5) 3328 - 3333 1463-9076 2018/02 [Refereed]
   

  Terbium complexes are widely used as luminescent materials because of their bright green emission and sharp emission spectra and the independence of their emission wavelengths from the surrounding environment. The luminescence quantum yield (LQY), however, heavily depends on the surroundings, and an appropriate ligand design is indispensable. In this study, we focus on a Tb3+ complex coordinated by a 2,2′-bipyridine derivative ligand (L1), whose LQY is almost zero at room temperature [M. Hasegawa et al., New. J. Chem. 2014, 38, 1225] and compare it with a Tb3+ complex with a bipyridine ligand, which is widely used as a photo-antenna ligand. To discuss the LQYs of the complexes, we computed their energy profiles, i.e. the energetic and structural changes during the emission and quenching processes. The low LQY of the TbL1(NO3)2 complex was explained by the stability of the minimum energy crossing point between the potential energy surfaces of the ligand-centered lowest triplet state and the ground state, which was induced by the out-of-plane bending of the azomethine moiety. The most efficient way to improve the LQY by modification of the ligand is to replace the azomethine moieties by other functional groups, such as ether or reduced azomethine groups, whose minimum energy crossing points are unstable enough to reduce the rate of the quenching processes.
• Generation and reactions of thiirenium ions by the Cation Pool method

  Akihiro Shimizu; Shun Horiuchi; Ryutaro Hayashi; Kouichi Matsumoto; Yu Miyamoto; Yusuke Morisawa; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Jun-ichi Yoshida

  ARKIVOC ARKAT USA INC 2018 97 - 113 1551-7004 2018 [Refereed]
   

  Thiirenium ions generated and accumulated by low-temperature electrochemical oxidation of disulfides in the presence of alkynes were successfully observed by low-temperature NMR, Raman, and mass spectroscopies and were found to be stable at temperatures below -40 degrees C. The thiirenium ions showed ambident reactivity toward subsequently added nucleophiles to give either disubstituted alkenes or alkynes depending on the nature of the nucleophiles.
• Synthesis of hydrogen- and methyl-capped long-chain polyynes by intense ultrashort laser pulse irradiation of toluene

  Ali Ramadhan; Michal Wesolowski; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Haruo Shiromaru; Tatsuya Fujino; Takeshi Kodama; Walter Duley; Joseph Sanderson

  CARBON PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 118 680 - 685 0008-6223 2017/07 [Refereed]
   

  Hydrogen- and methyl-capped polyynes have been synthesized by irradiating pure liquid toluene with 35 fs, 300 mu J laser pulses having a central wavelength of 800 nm, generated by a regeneratively amplified Ti: sapphire tabletop laser at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. Raman spectroscopy was used to confirm the presence of polyynes in the irradiated samples while high-performance liquid chromatography was used to separate hydrogen-capped polyynes up to C18H2 and methyl-capped polyynes up to HC14CH3. These represent the first such methyl-capped polyynes and the longest hydrogen capped chains synthesized to date by the ultrafast laser based method. Furthermore our results show that choice of the starting solvent molecule directly influences the end caps of the polyynes which can be produced. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Cleavage of a P=P Double Bond Mediated by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes

  Naoki Hayakawa; Kazuya Sadamori; Shota Tsujimoto; Miho Hatanaka; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Tsukasa Matsuo

  ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH 56 (21) 5765 - 5769 1433-7851 2017/05 [Refereed]
   

  The reaction of the bulky diphosphenes (Rind) P=P(Rind) (1; Rind = 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octa-R-substituted s-hydrindacen-4-yl) with two molecules of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC; 1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene) resulted in the quantitative formation of the NHC-bound phosphinidenes NHC -> P(Rind) (2), along with the cleavage of the P=P double bond. The reaction times are dependent on the steric size of the Rind groups (11 days for 2a (R=Et) and 2 h for 2b (R=Et, Me) at room temperature). The mechanism for the double bond-breaking is proposed to proceed via the formation of the NHC-coordinated, highly polarized diphospehenes 3 as an intermediate. Approach of a second NHC to 3 induces P-P bond cleavage and P-C bond formation, which proceeds through a transition state with a large negative Gibbs energy change to afford the two molecules of 2, thus being the rate-determining step of the overall reaction with the activation barriers of 80.4 for 2a and 29.1 kJ mol(-1) for 2b.
• Polyyne formation by ns and fs laser induced breakdown in hydrocarbon gas flow

  Y. Taguchi; H. Endo; T. Kodama; Y. Achiba; H. Shiromaru; T. Wakabayashi; B. Wales; J. H. Sanderson

  CARBON PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 115 169 - 174 0008-6223 2017/05 [Refereed]
   

  Flowing gases of hydrocarbon molecules were irradiated by tightly focused ns and fs laser, and the products were captured" in hexane solution. In the case of ns laser irradiation, short polyynes up to C12H2 were produced efficiently from all the hydrocarbons, propane, hexane, octane, benzene, and toluene. The yields vary significantly among the products from different target molecules, extending beyond the effects of difference in the vapor pressures. With an aid of the visible emission spectra" of the focused spot, polyyne forming reaction is discussed. In the case of fs laser irradiation of hexane, polyynes were produced efficiently much more than the ns-laser case, whereas for the toluene target, polyynes were not produced. Such a variation in the polyyne yield suggests there would be more suitable molecules for formation of polyynes, or any other carbon-rich materials, by gas-phase laser irradiation method. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Simultaneous Measurements of Superradiance at Multiple Wavelength from Helium Excited States: II. Analysis

  Chiaki Ohae; James R. Harries; Hiroshi Iwayama; Kentarou Kawaguchi; Susumu Kuma; Yuki Miyamoto; Mitsuru Nagasono; Kyo Nakajima; Itsuo Nakano; Eiji Shigemasa; Noboru Sasao; Satoshi Uetake; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Akihiro Yoshimi; Koji Yoshimura; Motohiko Yoshimura

  JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN 85 (3) 0031-9015 2016/03 [Refereed]
   

  Previous experimental studies of superradiance (SR) in multi-level systems have been explainable using the predictions of the well-known simple two-level SR model. However our recent study [K. Nakajima et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 84, 054301 (2015)] using EUV free-electron laser excitation of helium atoms, where SR was observed at wavelengths of 502, 668, and 728 nm, revealed behaviour which necessitates a full multi-level treatment of the SR development. In this paper, we report simulations of the initial excitation by the FEL pulses, and the subsequent development of multi-level SR. The results of the simulation reproduce the experimental findings, and reveal that competitive SR on two transitions with a common upper level plays an important role in the development of the system.
• Anticorrelated formation of fullerenes and polyynes upon laser ablation of graphite under various concentrations of hydrogen sources

  H. Endo; Y. Taguchi; J. Matsumoto; Y. Achiba; T. Kodama; H. Shiromaru; T. Wakabayashi

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 642 35 - 38 0009-2614 2015/12 [Refereed]
   

  Soluble fullerenes were produced with a somewhat unexpectedly high yield (10(-2) wt% of the evaporated carbons) by laser ablation of graphite in a 'room-temperature' argon gas flow. The high yield was likely due to the high temperature of the graphite after heating by the ablation laser. Laser ablation experiments using argon-diluted propane gas showed that fullerene formation was strongly inhibited by the addition of propane, while the formation of hydrogen-terminated, chain-form carbon molecules (polyynes) was enhanced. The reactivities of the fullerene precursors and chain-form carbon clusters are discussed based on the anticorrelation of the yields of fullerenes and polyynes. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• Polyyne formation by graphite laser ablation in argon and propane mixed gases

  Y. Taguchi; H. Endo; Y. Abe; J. Matsumoto; T. Wakabayashi; T. Kodama; Y. Achiba; H. Shiromaru

  CARBON PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 94 124 - 128 0008-6223 2015/11 [Refereed]
   

  Laser ablation of graphite in argon/propane mixed gases was performed to elucidate the process of carbon cluster growth and hydrogen termination to form polyynes. The carbon-rich materials ejected by ablation were carried by the gas flow and captured by a cooled organic solvent, and then, the soluble products were analyzed by UV absorption. The yield of polyyne increased drastically with the increase of the propane ratios. The propane-ratio-dependent yields for polyynes of various lengths are consistent with a polyyne formation model based on H-abstraction reactions of carbon clusters. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Low-Lying Electronic States in Bismuth Trimer Bi-3 As Revealed by Laser-Induced NIR Emission Spectroscopy in Solid Ne

  Tomonari Wakabayashi; Yoriko Wada; Kyo Nakajima; Yusuke Morisawa; Susumu Kuma; Yuki Miyamoto; Noboru Sasao; Motohiko Yoshimura; Tohru Sato; Kentarou Kawaguchi

  JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A AMER CHEMICAL SOC 119 (11) 2644 - 2650 1089-5639 2015/03 [Refereed]
   

  Laser-induced near-infrared (NIR) emission spectra of neutral bismuth timer, Bi-3, embedded in solid neon matrixes at 3 K were recorded in a range 870-1670 nm. Using photoexcitation with low energy photons at 1064 nm, two emission band systems were newly identified by their origin bands at T-0 = 6600 and 8470 cm(-1). Accordingly, spectral assignment for three NIR emission band systems reported recently was partly revised for the one with its origin band at T-0 = 7755 cm(-1) and reconfirmed for the others at T-0 = 9625 and 11 395 cm(-1). Energy splitting by spin-orbit coupling between the pair of electronic energy levels in the ground state of bismuth trimer, Bi-3, both having a totally symmetric vibrational mode of frequency at omega"(e) = 150 cm(-1), was determined to be 1870 +/- 1.5 cm(-1). Transitions from the pair of electronically excited states, locating at T-0 = 8470 and 9625 cm(-1) above the ground state and separated by spin-orbit coupling of 1155 cm(-1), have relatively long decay constants of tau similar to 0.2 and similar to 0.1 ms, respectively.
• 24aBG-12 Superradiance in multi-level He atoms excited by EUV-FEL (II) Analysis

  Ohae Chiaki; HARRIES James R.; Iwayama Hiroshi; Kuma Susumu; Miyamoto Yuki; Nggasono Mitsuru; Nakajima Kyo; Shigemasa Eiji; Wakabayashi Tomonari; Sasao Noboru

  Meeting Abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan The Physical Society of Japan (JPS) 70 772 - 772 2189-079X 2015
• Generation of polyyne and methylpolyyne molecules from toluene by intense femtosecond laser pulse irradiation

  Ali Ramadhan; Michal Wesolowski; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Haruo Shiromaru; Tatsuya Fujino; Takeshi Kodama; Walter Duley; Joseph Sanderson

  XXIX INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHOTONIC, ELECTRONIC, AND ATOMIC COLLISIONS (ICPEAC2015), PTS 1-12 IOP PUBLISHING LTD 635 1742-6588 2015 

  Hydrogen-capped and methyl-capped carbon chains (polyynes) have been generated by intense femtosecond laser irradiation of pure liquid toluene. UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy were used to confirm the presence of polyynes in the irradiated samples, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate polyynes up to C18H2 and HC13CH3.
• Low temperature in situ Raman spectroscopy of an electro-generated arylbis(arylthio)sulfonium ion

  Kouichi Matsumoto; Yu Miyamoto; Kazuaki Shimada; Yusuke Morisawa; Hendrik Zipse; Seiji Suga; Jun-ichi Yoshida; Shigenori Kashimura; Tomonari Wakabayashi

  CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY 51 (66) 13106 - 13109 1359-7345 2015 [Refereed]
   

  A low temperature in situ Raman spectroscopic method was developed for the detection of unstable intermediates in electro-organic chemistry. It was effective for monitoring the generation of ArS(ArSSAr)(+) by the electrochemical oxidation of ArSSAr (Ar = p-FC6H4) in Bu4NBF4/CH2Cl2 at 195 K. The intensity of a Raman band at 427 cm(-1), which is attributable to the S-S vibration of ArS(ArSSAr)(+), increased with an increase in the electricity until 2/3 F of the electricity was consumed, whereas decreased with a further increase in the electricity indicating the decomposition of ArS(ArSSAr)(+).
• Production of Ba Metastable State via Superradiance

  Chiaki Ohae; Atsushi Fukumi; Susumu Kuma; Yuki Miyamoto; Kyo Nakajima; Itsuo Nakano; Hajime Nanjo; Noboru Sasao; Satoshi Uetake; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Akihiro Yoshimi; Koji Yoshimura; Motohiko Yoshimura

  JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN 83 (4) 0031-9015 2014/04 [Refereed]
   

  We describe in this paper a fast and efficient method of producing a high density of barium (Ba) atoms in the D-1(2) metastable state, which is a candidate initial state for a new class of cooperative and coherent optical process called paired superradiance (PSR). In the experiment, Ba atoms are excited first by laser light to the P-1(1) state and then brought to the desired state D-1(2) via radiative transition in the superradiance (SR) mode. It is found that a production efficiency (from S-1(0) to D-1(2)) of more than similar to 30% is achieved within a time interval of a few nanoseconds for a Ba density n > 10(19) m(-3). Several key features of SR important for future PSR experiments are also studied.
• Binding Motif of Terminal Alkynes on Gold Clusters

  Prasenjit Maity; Shinjiro Takano; Seiji Yamazoe; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Tatsuya Tsukuda

  JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY AMER CHEMICAL SOC 135 (25) 9450 - 9457 0002-7863 2013/06 [Refereed]
   

  Gold clusters protected by terminal alkynes (1-octyne (OC-H), phenyl acetylene (PA-H) and 9-ethynyl-phenanthrene (EPT-H)) were prepared by the ligand exchange of small (diameter <2 nm) Au clusters stabilized by polyvinylpyrrolidone. The bonding motif of these alkynes on Au clusters was investigated using various spectroscopic methods. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy revealed that terminal hydrogen is lost during the ligand exchange and that the C C bond of the alkynyl group is weakened upon attachment to the Au clusters. Acidification of the water phase after the ligand exchange indicated that the ligation of alkynyl groups to the Au clusters proceeds via deprotonation of the alkynes. A series of precisely defined Au clusters, Au-34(PA)(16), Au-54(PA)(26), AU(30)(EPT)(13), AU(35)(EPT)(18), and Au41-43(EPT)(21-23), were synthesized and characterized in detail to obtain further insight into the interfacial structures. Careful mass analysis confirmed the ligation of the alkynes in the dehydrogenated form. An upright configuration of the alkynes on Au clusters was suggested from the Au to alkyne ratios and photoluminescence from the excimer of the EPT ligands. EXAFS analysis implied that the alkynyl carbon is bound to bridged or hollow sites on the cluster surface.
• Observation of new near infrared emission band systems of small bismuth clusters in solid neon matrix

  Tomonari Wakabayashi; Makiko Tomioka; Yoriko Wada; Yuki Miyamoto; Jian Tang; Kentarou Kawaguchi; Susumu Kuma; Noboru Sasao; Hajime Nanjo; Satoshi Uetake; Motohiko Yoshimura; Itsuo Nakano

  EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D SPRINGER 67 (2) 1434-6060 2013/02 [Refereed]
   

  Laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy was applied to small bismuth clusters embedded in a solid neon matrix at 3 K. Near infrared (NIR) optical emission spectra were recorded in a range of 6200-11 600 cm(-1) by an excitation with 1.79 eV photons using a pulsed dye laser system. Three new NIR band systems were identified by their origin bands at 8207, 9625 and 11 395 cm(-1). Each of the NIR systems exhibited the vibrational progression with a common lower state frequency at 151 cm(-1). Temporal decay profiles for selected NIR emission bands showed upper state lifetimes on the order of a hundred of microseconds, explainable by the transition between mixed spin states. Low-lying electronic states for small bismuth clusters, Bi-n (n = 2-4), are discussed along the theory and experiment reported so far.
• Coherence decay measurement of v=2 vibrons in solid parahydrogen

  Susumu Kuma; Yuki Miyamoto; Kyo Nakajima; Atsushi Fukumi; Kentarou Kawaguchi; Itsuo Nakano; Noboru Sasao; Minoru Tanaka; Jian Tang; Takashi Taniguchi; Satoshi Uetake; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Akihiro Yoshimi; Motohiko Yoshimura

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 138 (2) 024507  0021-9606 2013/01 [Refereed]
   

  The coherence decay of the v = 2 vibrational state (vibrons) of solid parahydrogen was measured via time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy. We found that the decay curve has a non-exponential time profile in the time scale of 200 ns at a low temperature below 5 K and a low orthohydrogen impurity concentration (similar to 0.01%). This behavior, as also observed in the case of the v = 1 vibrons, represents a signature of band structure of the v = 2 state in the solid phase. The maximum coherence decay time of 50 ns in an exponential part was achieved, which shows excellence of the v = 2 state for coherent processes. We also found that finite temperatures, orthohydrogen impurities, and other structural inhomogeneity accelerate the decay, hiding the non-exponential feature of the vibron band. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4773893]
• Vibronic bands in the HOMO-LUMO excitation of linear polyyne molecules

  Tomonari Wakabayashi; Yoriko Wada; Naoya Iwahara; Tohru Sato

  XXIST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE JAHN-TELLER EFFECT 2012 IOP PUBLISHING LTD 428 1742-6588 2013 [Refereed]
   

  Hydrogen-capped linear carbon chain molecules, namely polyynes H(C=C)(n)H (n >= 2), give rise to three excited states in the HOMO-LUMO excitation. Electric dipole transition from the ground state is fully allowed to one of the three excited states, while forbidden for the other two low-lying excited states. In addition to the strong absorption bands in the UV for the allowed transition, the molecules exhibit weak absorption and emission bands in the near UV and visible wavelength regions. The weak features are the vibronic bands in the forbidden transition. In this article, symmetry considerations are presented for the optical transitions in the centrosymmetric linear polyyne molecule. The argument includes Herzberg-Teller expansion for the state mixing induced by nuclear displacements along the normal coordinate of the molecule, intensity borrowing from fully allowed transitions, and inducing vibrational modes excited in the vibronic transition. The vibronic coupling considered here includes off-diagonal matrix elements for second derivatives along the normal coordinate. The vibronic selection rule for the forbidden transition is derived and associated with the transition moment with respect to the molecular axis. Experimental approaches are proposed for the assignment of the observed vibronic bands.
• Photoinduced reaction of methylpolyynes H(C C)(n)CH3 (n=5-7) and polyyne H(C C)(5)H with I-2 molecules

  Y. Wada; K. Koma; Y. Ohnishi; Y. Sasaki; T. Wakabayashi

  EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D SPRINGER 66 (12) 322  1434-6060 2012/12 [Refereed]
   

  Methylpolyynes, H(C=C)(n)CH3 (n = 5-7), were photo-irradiated under the presence of iodine molecules in hexane to confirm the formation of a series of molecular complexes, H(C=C)(n)CH3(I-6) (n = 5-7), by systematic changes in their UV absorption spectra. In order to investigate the reaction mechanism, solutions of hydrogen-capped polyyne, H(C=C)(5)H, and I-2 molecules in hexane were irradiated with a cw-laser beam at 532 nm, then their UV absorption spectra were recorded to obtain temporal decay profiles for the polyyne C10H2. At C10H2 concentrations of about 7 mu mol L-1, the rate of reaction in the decay profile for C10H2 increased with increasing I-2 concentration (8.2-126 mu mol L-1) as well as with increasing laser power (0.34-6.2 mW). Based on a kinetic model, the degradation of C10H2 was shown to compete with the formation of the polyyne-iodine molecular complex, H(C=C)(5)H(I-6). The formation of the complex was found to be efficient under the condition that the I-2 concentration is orders of magnitude higher than the C10H2 concentration as this suppresses the degradation process.
• Spectroscopic characterization of a series of polyyne-iodine molecular complexes H(C C)(n)H(I-6) of n=5-9

  Yoriko Wada; Yusuke Morisawa; Tomonari Wakabayashi

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 541 54 - 59 0009-2614 2012/07 [Refereed]
   

  A series of molecular complexes, C2nH2I6 (n = 5-9), formed from size-selected hydrogen-end-capped polyyne, H(C C)(n)H, and iodine molecules was characterized by UV-vis and IR absorption spectroscopy for elucidating location and geometry of iodine atoms in the complex. The IR lines for the CH-stretching sigma(u) fundamental at 3305 cm (1) and CH-bending pi(u) fundamental at 625 cm (1) for C2nH2 (n = 5-7) in CCl4 were red-shifted by 220 and 15 cm (1), respectively, for its complex of C2nH2I6. A few lines were intensified in the low-frequency region of 850-1450 cm (1) for CC-stretching sigma(u) modes of polyynes in the complex. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
• Neutrino spectroscopy with atoms and molecules

  Atsushi Fukumi; Susumu Kuma; Yuki Miyamoto; Kyo Nakajima; Itsuo Nakano; Hajime Nanjo; Chiaki Ohae; Noboru Sasao; Minoru Tanaka; Takashi Taniguchi; Satoshi Uetake; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Takuya Yamaguchi; Akihiro Yoshimi; Motohiko Yoshimura

  PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC 2012 (1) 2050-3911 2012 [Refereed]
   

  We systematically investigate the new experimental method of using atoms or molecules to measure the important parameters of neutrinos that are still to be determined: the absolute mass scale, the mass hierarchy pattern (normal or inverted), the neutrino mass type (Majorana or Dirac), and the CP-violating phases, including Majorana phases. Most of these observables are difficult to measure in neutrino oscillation experiments. There are advantages to using atomic targets, such as the closeness of available atomic energies to anticipated neutrino masses, over nuclear target experiments such as the end point spectrum of beta decay and two-electron line spectrum in the neutrinoless double beta decay, both of which address some of the overlapping objectives with atomic/molecular experiments. A disadvantage of using atomic targets, the smallness of rates, is overcome by the macro-coherent amplification mechanism. The atomic or molecular process we use is a cooperative deexcitation of a collective body of atoms in a metastable level vertical bar e > emitting a neutrino pair and a photon: vertical bar e > -> vertical bar g > + gamma + nu(i)nu(j), where nu(i)s are neutrino mass eigenstates. The macro-coherence is developed by trigger-laser irradiation of two colors, which frequently causes the two-photon process vertical bar e > <-> vertical bar g > + gamma + gamma, vertical bar e > + gamma <-> vertical bar g > + gamma inside the target. We discuss important aspects of the macro-coherence development in detail, by setting up the master equation for the target Bloch vector (whose components are population difference and medium polarization) and the propagating electric field. Our master equation includes the effects of phase decoherence of medium polarization and decay of population difference. The spectral rate (the number of events per unit time) of macro-coherent radiative emission of a neutrino pair has three parts, and is given by a factorized formula of the form (overall omega-independent rate denoted by Gamma(0)) x (spectral shape function denoted by I (omega)) x (time-evolving dynamical factor), where omega is the photon energy. The constant factor Gamma(0) determines the overall rate in the unit of 1/time, and for Xe it is of the order of 1Hz(n/10(22) cm(-3))(3) (V/10(2) cm(3)). The dynamical factor is time dependent and is given by the space integrated quantity, over the entire target, of the product of the magnitude squared of the coherent polarization and the field strength (in the units of the maximally extractable energy density) stored inside the target. The asymptotic value of the time-evolving dynamical factor is given by the contribution of the field condensate accompanied by macroscopic coherence, which is calculated using the static limit of the master equation. With an appropriate choice of heavy target atoms or molecules such as Xe and I-2 that have a large M1 x E1 matrix element between vertical bar e > and vertical bar g >, we show that one can determine three neutrino masses along with distinction of the mass hierarchy pattern (normal or inverted) by measuring the spectral shape I (omega).If one uses a target of available energy of a fraction of 1 eV, the most experimentally challenging observable, the Majorana CP phases may be determined, comparing the detected rate with differences of theoretical expectations which exist at the level of several percent. The Majorana CP-violating phase is expected to be crucial to the understanding of the matter-antimatter imbalance in our universe. Our master equation, when applied to E1 x E1 transitions such as pH(2) vibrational Xv = 1 -> 0, can describe explosive paired superradiance events in which most of the energy stored in vertical bar e > is released in the order of a few nanoseconds. The present paper is intended to be self-contained, explaining some details of related theoretical works in the past, and reports on new simulations and the ongoing experimental efforts of the project to realize neutrino mass spectroscopy using atoms/molecules.
• Isotope scrambling in the formation of cyanopolyynes by laser ablation of carbon particles in liquid acetonitrile

  Tomonari Wakabayashi; Mao Saikawa; Yoriko Wada; Toshie Minematsu

  CARBON PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 50 (1) 47 - 56 0008-6223 2012/01 [Refereed]
   

  Cyanopolyynes, H(C equivalent to C)(n) C equivalent to N (n = 3-6), were formed by laser ablation of carbon particles in liquid acetonitrile. The molecules were separated according to the size n and characterized by UV absorption spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy in combination with gas-chromatographic separation, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. For the study of nascent carbon cluster distribution during the growth of the long carbon chain molecules, isotopomer distribution was analyzed by NMR spectroscopy for the product molecules. Two cyanopolyynes of HC7N and HC9N were isolated from solutions after laser ablation of isotope-enriched carbon powder (99% C-13) in liquid acetonitrile, CH3CN, of natural isotopic abundance (1.1% C-13). With the observed chemical shift, 5, and spin-spin coupling constants, cu and J(CH), spectral simulation was made to determine relative abundance of possible isotopomeric forms for HC9N. We found that the isotope of C-12, mostly from solvent molecules, contributes substantially for the part of carbon in the cyano group, -C equivalent to N, in HC9N. The isotopomer distribution observed for the sequence of H-C equivalent to C-C equivalent to C- was fairly explainable by a binomial, random distribution of the two carbon isotopes of C-12 and C-13, reducing the concentration of C-13 to 76-55%. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Selective synthesis of organogold magic clusters Au-54(C CPh)(26)

  Prasenjit Maity; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Nobuyuki Ichikuni; Hironori Tsunoyama; Songhai Xie; Miho Yamauchi; Tatsuya Tsukuda

  CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY 48 (49) 6085 - 6087 1359-7345 2012 [Refereed]
   

  Organogold clusters Au-54(C2Ph)(26) were selectively synthesized by reacting polymer-stabilized Au clusters (1.2 +/- 0.2 nm) with excess phenylacetylene in chloroform.
• Photoinduced Reaction of Hydrogen-End-Capped Polyynes with Iodine Molecules

  Yoriko Wada; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Tatsuhisa Kato

  JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B AMER CHEMICAL SOC 115 (26) 8439 - 8445 1520-6106 2011/07 [Refereed]
   

  Hydrogen-end-capped polyynes, H(C C)(n)H (n = 5-7), were photoirradiated in the presence of iodine molecules in nonpolar solvents to find a dramatic change in the UV/vis absorption spectrum. Absorption bands of polyynes in the UV and the band of 12 in the visible region disappeared, whereas weaker bands of polyynes were intensified in the near UV region. The emerging features are associated with vibronic bands in the symmetry-forbidden transition of the linear polyyne molecule. Stoichiometry for the reaction, i.e., C12H2 + nI(2) -> C12H2I2n, was determined to be n = 3 from the concentration-dependence experiment. C-13 NMR spectra for 1:3 mixture of polyyne and iodine molecules, namely C10H2/3I(2) and C12H2/3I(2), exhibited five and six lines, respectively, all shifted to lower fields compared to those in the case without iodine. After removing excess 12 by reductive reagent of Na2SO3, recovery of the missing absorption bands for the components of C10H2 and 12 was observed. These observations strongly support the formation of an unique molecular complex of C2nH2I6 (n = 5-7) upon photoabsorption by an I-2 molecule within a cluster of polyyne and iodine molecules, C2nH2(I-2)(m) (m >= 3).
• Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of size-selected polyynes (C 8H2) adsorbed on silver colloidal nanoparticles

  Kenji Hanamura; Minoru Fujii; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Shinji Hayashi

  Chemical Physics Letters 503 (1-3) 118 - 123 0009-2614 2011/02 [Refereed]
   

  Absorption and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of size-selected C8H2 adsorbed on Ag colloids were investigated. The Ag colloids after C8H2 adsorption are stable without precipitation of Ag nanoparticle aggregates. The spectra strongly depend on the C8H2 concentration. A good correlation between the concentration dependence of the absorption spectrum and that of SERS intensities supports the electromagnetic mechanism of SERS. The use of size-selected C8H2 made it possible to demonstrate also the chemical effects, which manifest themselves in the differences in the positions of SERS bands for different SERS enhancers, i.e., Ag colloid and Ag island film. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• Entanglement Control of Azobenzene by Photoisomerization in NMR Quantum Computer

  Taiga Yasuda; Masahito Tada-Umezaki; Mikio Nakahara; Tomonari Wakabayashi

  arXiv.org quant-ph 1004.0910  2010/04 

  Entanglement control of qubits in a photoisomerizing molecule is studied in
  the context of an NMR quantum computer by taking azobenzene as an example.
  Azobenzene has two different isomers, {\it{}trans}-azobenzene (TAB) and
  {\it{}cis}-azobenzene (CAB), which can be interconverted by photoisomerization.
  Changing molecular structure leads to change in the spin-spin coupling
  constant, and hence leads to change in entangling operation time. We first
  obtain stable structures of TAB and CAB by {\it ab initio} calculation. Then,
  we calculate the NMR spectra of these isomers and verify that they reproduce
  the chemical shift obtained experimentally with a good precision. Our result
  indicates that the coupling strength between a $^{15}$N and a $^{13}$C nuclei
  in the molecule changes by a large amount under photoisomerization.
• Synthesis of polyyne molecules from hexane by irradiation of intense femtosecond laser pulses

  Y. Sato; T. Kodama; H. Shiromaru; J. H. Sanderson; T. Fujino; Y. Wada; T. Wakabayashi; Y. Achiba

  CARBON PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 48 (5) 1673 - 1676 0008-6223 2010/04 [Refereed]
   

  Hydrogen-capped polyynes have been synthesized by femtosecond laser irradiation of hexane liquid We used UV absorption to identify and high performance liquid chromatography to separate polyynes up to C(12)H(2), and then confirmed with resonance Raman spectroscopy The shortest hydrogen-terminated chain is found to be C(6)H(2). A supplementary experiment on decane indicates that the formation via single step rearrangement of the parent molecule is not likely (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
• Interaction of Carbon Linear Chains with Silver Island Film Studied by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

  Hiroshi Tabata; Tatsuya Doi; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Shinji Hayashi

  JOURNAL OF NANOELECTRONICS AND OPTOELECTRONICS AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS 4 (2) 220 - 223 1555-130X 2009/08 [Refereed]
   

  Time evolution of SERS spectrum for sp hybridized carbon linear chains, called as polyyne C14H2, adsorbed on a silver island film was investigated to study the interaction of the polyynes with silver island film. A rapid increase of intensities of two strong bands in the SERS spectrum just after immersion of silver island film indicating adsorption of polyyne on silver surface was observed. From the increasing intensity of the SERS bands in the adsorption process, we have revealed that the two bands are commonly originated from the adsorbed polyynes. A continuous laser irradiation of the sample led to a drastical decrease of the SERS band intensities. This decrease occurred due to conversion of the adsorbed polyynes into sp(2) carbon networks covering the silver surface, which was induced by laser heating. We also observed a change of the ratio of the two band intensities, which may indicate a modification of vibrational properties of the surviving polyynes on the silver surface by the surrounding sp(2) carbon networks.
• Raman spectral features of longer polyynes HC(2n)H (n=4-8) in SWNTs

  T. Wakabayashi; T. Murakami; H. Nagayama; D. Nishide; H. Kataura; Y. Achiba; H. Tabata; S. Hayashi; H. Shinohara

  EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D SPRINGER 52 (1-3) 79 - 82 1434-6060 2009/04 [Refereed]
   

  Size-selected linear hydrocarbon molecules, polyynes HC(2n)H, were contacted in solutions with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) prepared from laser-ablated metal/carbon composite rods (Rh/Pt/C) to produce polyyne-encapsulating SWNTs, HC(2n)H@SWNT(RhPt). New Raman spectral features were observed at 2120, 2061 2017, 1982, and 1963 cm(-1) for five polyynes of n = 4-8, respectively, and identified as the vibrational excitation of symmetric stretching modes of the molecules inside the SWNTs. The Raman spectra were compared with those observed for polyynes on Ag islands (SERS) and in solutions. The filling factor was investigated from the concentration dependence of the Raman intensity for HC(10)H@SWNT(NiCo) to give an estimate of one polyyne molecule per similar to 350 carbon atoms of SWNTS, providing a picture for head-to-tale filling of aligned C(10)H(2) molecules inside the SWNTs.
• FULLERENE C(60): A POSSIBLE MOLECULAR QUANTUM COMPUTER

  Tomonari Wakabayashi

  MOLECULAR REALIZATIONS OF QUANTUM COMPUTING 2007 WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD 2 163 - 192 1793-7299 2009 [Refereed]
   

  Fullerene C(60) is a molecule with a hollow space in its closed cage of sixty carbon atoms and able to accommodate atoms or molecules inside. Recently, the system of an electron spin coupled with a nuclear spin of a nitrogen atom trapped inside C(60) (N@C(60)) has been demonstrated to be a possible qubit system for the implementation of quantum computation (QC) and quantum information processing (QIP). In the last decade, there has appeared an increasing number of reports for this molecule, on its magnetic properties, ideas for physical realization as quantum computers, and experimental approaches based on the magnetic resonance techniques. In this Chapter, the research areas on the topic on the fullerene-based QC/QIP are reviewed together with a relevant part of the fullerene stories. The production of N@C(60) in our research group is introduced.
• Laser induced emission spectra of polyyne molecules C2nH2 (n=5-8)

  Tomonari Wakabayashi; Hiroyuki Nagayama; Kota Daigoku; Yosuke Kiyooka; Kenro Hashimoto

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 446 (1-3) 65 - 70 0009-2614 2007/09 [Refereed]
   

  New optical emission spectra of linear carbon molecules, polyynes C2nH2 (n = 5-8), were observed upon UV-laser excitation of the 0-0 band of the dipole-allowed transition, (1)Sigma(+)(u) <- X-1 Sigma(+)(g), of size-separated polyyne molecules in hexane. The emission spectra of C10H2 showed distinct peaks at 436 and 480 nm with a separation of similar to 2100 cm(-1) for a stretching vibration of the sp-carbon chain. Weak absorption features were also recorded in near-UV regions in shorter wavelengths to compare with the emission spectra. The spectral features in the emission were assigned to the vibronic bands of the forbidden electronic transition, (1)Delta u -> X-1 Sigma(+)(g). (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• Influence of cumulenic chains on the vibrational and electronic properties of sp-sp(2) amorphous carbon

  L. Ravagnan; P. Piseri; M. Bruzzi; S. Miglio; G. Bongiorno; A. Baserga; C. S. Casari; A. Li Bassi; C. Lenardi; Y. Yamaguchi; T. Wakabayashi; C. E. Bottani; P. Milani

  PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC 98 (21) 216103  0031-9007 2007/05 [Refereed]
   

  We report the production and characterization of a form of amorphous carbon with sp-sp(2) hybridization (atomic fraction of sp hybridized species >= 20%) where the predominant sp bonding appears to be (=C=C=)(n) cumulene. Vibrational and electronic properties have been studied by in situ Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements. Cumulenic chains are substantially stable in high vacuum conditions for temperatures lower than 250 K and they influence the electrical transport properties of the sp-sp(2) carbon through a self-doping mechanism by pinning the Fermi level closer to one of the mobility gap edges. Upon heating above 250 K the cumulenic species decay to form graphitic nanodomains embedded in the sp(2) amorphous matrix thus reducing the activation energy of the material. This is the first example of a pure carbon system where the sp hybridization influences bulk properties.
• Raman spectroscopy of size-selected linear polyyne molecules C2nH2 (n=4-6) encapsulated in single-wall carbon nanotubes

  D. Nishide; T. Wakabayashi; T. Sugai; R. Kitaura; H. Kataura; Y. Achiba; H. Shinohara

  JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C AMER CHEMICAL SOC 111 (13) 5178 - 5183 1932-7447 2007/04 [Refereed]
   

  Polyyne molecules (C2nH2, n = 4-6) encaged inside single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The Raman bands observed in the region of 2000-2200 cm(-1) are identified as due to axial-stretching fundamentals, nu(2)-nu(4) (sigma(g) in D-infinity h), of the linear carbon molecules. For C10H2 and C12H2, the overtone bands at similar to 4100 cm(-1) and combination bands of the polyyne and graphitic modes at similar to 3600 cm(-1) are also observed. The two-phonon excitations may be responsible for the observed resonance Raman peaks via new electronic states generated by the dispersion interaction exerted between encapsulated polyynes and nanotubes. The vibrational frequencies of the polyyne molecules in SWNTs increase as the diameter distributions of SWNTs decrease. The interaction is also responsible for the observed frequency shifts and broadening of the Raman bands.
• Resonance Raman spectra of polyyne molecules C10H2 and C12H2 in solution

  Tomonari Wakabayashi; Hiroshi Tabata; Tatsuya Doi; Hiroyuki Nagayama; Koji Okuda; Rui Umeda; Ichiro Hisaki; Motohiro Sonoda; Yoshito Tobo; Toshie Minematsu; Kenro Hashimoto; Shinji Hayashi

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 433 (4-6) 296 - 300 0009-2614 2007/01 [Refereed]
   

  Resonance Raman spectra of hydrogen-capped linear carbon molecules, polyynes H(-C equivalent to C-)(n)H (n = 5,6), were measured in n-hexane. For C10H2, the peaks at 2123 cm(-1) and 2017 cm(-1) were identified as the nu(3)(sigma(g)) and nu(4)(sigma(g)) modes in D-infinity h symmetry, respectively. For C12H2, the peaks of nu(3)(sigma(g)) at 2097 cm(-1) and nu(4) (sigma(g)) at 2053 cm(-1) were identified. The relative intensities of the first-order Stokes lines and their resonance enhancement are discussed in terms of the Franck-Condon overlap and resonance absorption relevant to the fully-allowed electronic transition of (1)Sigma(+)(u) <-> (Chi) over tilde (1)Sigma(+)(g). (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering of a series of size-separated polyynes

  Hiroshi Tabata; Minoru Fujii; Shinji Hayashi; Tatsuya Doi; Tomonari Wakabayashi

  Carbon 44 (15) 3168 - 3176 0008-6223 2006/12 [Refereed]
   

  Solutions of hydrogen-capped polyynes were prepared by laser ablation of graphite powder in n-hexane and subjected to size separation by high-performance liquid chromatography. Solutions of size-selected polyynes CnH2 (n = 8-16) were investigated by normal Raman (NR) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. A main band appearing in the 2000-2200 cm-1 region of the NR spectra showed a systematic downward shift as the chain length increased. The observed NR bands were assigned to Raman-active CC stretching vibrational modes by comparison with calculations based on density functional theory. Raman bands observed in SERS spectra were very broad and located at frequencies lower than the NR bands. A systematic band shift with increasing chain length was also observed for one of the bands. This band was thus assigned to a counterpart of the strong band in the NR spectra. These results made it possible to assign the origins of previously reported SERS bands of mixed polyyne solutions. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Single-wall carbon nanotubes encaging linear chain C10H2 polyyne molecules inside

  Daisuke Nishide; Hirofumi Dohi; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Eiji Nishibori; Shinobu Aoyagi; Masashi Ishida; Satoshi Kikuchi; Ryo Kitaura; Toshiki Sugai; Makoto Sakata; Hisanori Shinohara

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 428 (4-6) 356 - 360 0009-2614 2006/09 [Refereed]
   

  A new hybrid material C10H2@SWNTs, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) encapsulating C10H2 polyyne molecules, has been synthesized and confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurement. The C10H2 polyyne molecules composed of linearly bonded sp-carbon atoms are aligned inside the SWNTs. This hybrid material exhibits a characteristic Raman signal at 2066 cm(-1) attributable to the stretching vibration of the C10H2 molecules interacting with SWNTs. Being trapped inside the SWNTs, the otherwise unstable C10H2 molecules are shown to be stable well above 300 degrees C under dry-air conditions. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• Polyynes (C2nH2, n = 2-5) and other products from laser-ablated graphite: A time-of-flight mass spectroscopic study in combination with one-photon ionization

  T Wakabayashi; Y Kato; T Momose; T Shida

  Polyynes: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP 181 - 195 2006 [Refereed]
  
• Cyclic polyynes: Generation, characterization, and reactions

  Y Tobe; T Wakabayashi

  Polyynes: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP 99 - 125 2006 [Refereed]
  
• Carbon chain molecules in cryogenic matrices

  T Wakabayashi; W Kratschmer

  POLYYNES: SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES, AND APPLICATIONS CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP 1 - 13 2006 [Refereed]
  
• Approaches to size-selective formation of fullerenes by cyclization of highly reactive polyyne chains

  R Umeda; M Sonoda; T Wakabayashi; Y Tobe

  CHEMISTRY LETTERS CHEMICAL SOC JAPAN 34 (12) 1574 - 1579 0366-7022 2005/12 [Refereed]
   

  As an approach to size-selective formation of fullerenes, we developed a method based on the cyclization of reactive cyclic polyynes which were generated by [2+2] cycloreversion of [4.3.2] propellatriene units. This method was proven to work successfully for the first time for the formation of fullerene ions C-60(+) and C-60(-) in the gas phase. This protocol is useful for generation of a small three-dimensional carbon cluster ion C-36(-) and a large fullerene C-78(-), as well.
• Carbon-Rich Compounds: Acetylene-Based Carbon Allotropes

  Yoshito Tobe; Tomonari Wakabayashi

  Acetylene Chemistry: Chemistry, Biology, and Material Science John Wiley and Sons 387 - 426 2005/10
• Time-of flight mass spectroscopy of carbon clusters and hydrocarbons produced by laser ablation of graphite under H₂ and He buffer gas -Formation and stability of C₁₀ and C_2nH₂ (n = 2-5)-

  Yoshiyasu Kato; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Takamasa Momose; Tadamasa Shida

  J. Mass Spectrometry Soc. Japan The Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan 53 (4) 203 - 210 1340-8097 2005/04 [Refereed]
   

  The products from laser ablated graphite under the flow of H₂ and He buffer gases were analyzed by time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectroscopy in combination with one-photon ionization of an energy of 10.5 eV/photon. By changing the time interval between the ablation laser pulse and the photoionization laser pulse it was found that the neutral clusters ablated from the graphite have three distinctly different velocities for one and the same value of <i>m</i>/<i>z</i>, which was detected as three separate bunches of TOF mass peaks. The effect of changing the time interval was examined extensively. As a result, it was found that the first component that appeared earlier in the ionization region consisted of various bared carbon clusters C_<i>n</i> with <i>n</i>≥6 and hydrocarbons C_<i>n</i>H_<i>m</i> with <i>n</i>≥4 and <i>m</i>=1 through 4 while the second and third components that arrived later were C₁₀ and C_2<i>n</i>H₂ (<i>n</i>=2 through 5) only. This persistence of C₁₀ and C_2<i>n</i>H₂ at longer delay times was attributed to the robustness of these clusters against collisions occurring in ablated plumes. It was inferred that the robustness is due to the chemical inertness of a monocyclic form for C₁₀ and of a linear polyynic form, H(-C≡C)_<i>n</i>-H, for C_2<i>n</i>H₂. In the He buffer gas heated to 600 K the yield of the third (slowest) component of C₁₀ enhanced drastically, which indicates that thermal collisions in plumes favor the production of this monocycle, which further suggests that the monocycle may play a crucial role in the formation of C₆₀, known as a favored product in hot plumes of ablated graphite.
• Generation and characterization of highly strained dibenzotetrakisdehydro[12]- and dibenzopentakisdehydro[14]annulenes

  Hisaki, I; T Eda; M Sonoda; H Niino; T Sato; T Wakabayashi; Y Tobe

  JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AMER CHEMICAL SOC 70 (5) 1853 - 1864 0022-3263 2005/03 [Refereed]
   

  [GRAPHICS] To generate dibenzotetrakisdehydro[12]- and dibenzopentakisdehydro[14]annulenes ([12]- and [14]-DBAs) having a highly deformed triyne moiety, [4.3.2]propellatriene-anneleted dehydro[12]- and dehydro [14] annulenes were prepared as their precursors. UV irradiation of the precursors resulted in the photochemical [2 + 2] cycloreversion to generate the strained [12]- and [14]DBAs, respectively. The [12]DBA was not detected by H-1 NMR spectroscopy, but it was intercepted as Diels-Alder adducts in solution, suggesting its intermediacy. Its spectroscopic characterization was successfully carried out by UV-vis spectroscopy in a 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF) glass matrix at 77 K and by FT-IR spectroscopy in an argon matrix at 20 K. On the other hand, the [14]DBA was stable enough for observation by H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra in solution, though it was not isolated because of the low efficiency of the cycloreversion. The [14]DBA was also characterized by interception as Diels-Alder adducts in solution and by UV-vis spectroscopy in a MTHF glass matrix at 77 K. The kinetic stabilities of the DBAs are compared with the related dehydrobenzoannulenes with respect to the topology of the pi-systems. In addition, the tropicity of the [14]DBA is discussed based on its experimental and theoretical H-1 NMR chemical shifts.
• Size-selective formation of C-78 fullerene from a three-dimensional polyyne precursor

  Y Tobe; R Umeda; M Sonoda; T Wakabayashi

  CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH 11 (5) 1603 - 1609 0947-6539 2005/02 [Refereed]
   

  Multicyclic cagelike cyclophanes 2a and 2b containing cyclobutene rings have been prepared as precursors of three-dimensional polyynes C78H18 (1a) and C78H12Cl6 (1b), respectively. Laser irradiation of 2a and 2b induced expulsion of the aromatic fragment, indane, to give the three-dimensional polyyne anions C78H18- and C78H12Cl6-, respectively. Whereas the former anion lost only four hydrogen atoms to form C78H14-, complete loss of all hydrogen and chlorine atoms was observed from the latter anion, to yield a C-78(-) ion that has a fullerene structure which was proven by its characteristic fragmentation pattern.
• UV and IR absorption spectra of C-3 embedded in solid para-hydrogen

  H Hoshina; Y Kato; Y Morisawa; T Wakabayashi; T Momose

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 300 (1-3) 69 - 77 0301-0104 2004/05 [Refereed]
   

  This paper presents the UV and IR absorption spectroscopy of small carbon molecules of C-3 observed using a high-resolution Fourier-transform spectrometer. The C-3 molecules were produced by irradiation of dimers or larger clusters of acetylene with an ArF laser (lambda = 193 nm). Sharp UV absorption features with multiple structures were observed in the (A) over tilde (1)Pi(u) <-- (X) over tilde (1)Sigma(g)(+) electronic transition of C-3. The sharp UV absorption demonstrates the potential of solid para-hydrogen as a matrix for high-resolution spectroscopy of UV-vis electronic transitions. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• Coagulation of linear carbon molecules into nanoparticles: a molecular dynamics study

  Y Yamaguchi; T Wakabayashi

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 388 (4-6) 436 - 440 0009-2614 2004/04 [Refereed]
   

  Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. the coagulation of carbon chain molecules that occurs on the subliming surface of a carbon-containing rare-gas matrix is investigated. intermolecular connections with dangling bonds enhance the sublimation of the matrix and that results in the emission of a layer of nested carbon chains into vacuum at a velocity about 100 m/s. The following conversion from carbon sp- to more stable Sp(2)-type bonds heats up the carbon material above 3000 K. During this process, the nested carbon layer self-anneals via a graphitic mono-layer into a conjunct array of particles with a dimension about 10 nm. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• A mass spectroscopic study of laser vaporized graphite in H-2 and D-2 gases: the stability of C2nH2 (n=2-5) and C-10

  Y Kato; T Wakabayashi; T Momose

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 386 (4-6) 279 - 285 0009-2614 2004/03 [Refereed]
   

  Carbon clusters and hydrocarbon molecules and radicals produced by laser vaporization of graphite in a hydrogen (H-2 or D-2) gas expansion source were studied using 10.5 eV one-photon ionization followed by time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. By changing the delay time of the ionization pulse relative to the vaporization pulse, we found two distinctly different mass patterns: rather non-selective signals of C-n (n = 6-20) and CnHm (n = 3-20 and m = 1-4) at shorter delay times, while selective signals of C2nH2 (n = 2-5) and C-10 at longer delay times. The selective formation of the carbon cluster and hydrocarbon molecules at longer delay times is attributed to the relatively inert nature of polyynes H(-Cequivalent toC-)(n)H (n = 2-5) and monocyclic C-10. The formation mechanism of these hydrocarbons and carbon clusters by laser ablation under hydrogen gas is discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• Flashing carbon on cold surfaces

  T Wakabayashi; AL Ong; D Strelnikov; W Kratschmer

  JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B AMER CHEMICAL SOC 108 (12) 3686 - 3690 1520-6106 2004/03 [Refereed]
   

  The formation of carbon particles on cold surfaces takes place when rare-gas solids containing trapped carbon vapor molecules are sublimed. This formation process is accompanied by violent effects such as flashes of light emission and splashing of luminous fragments, both observable with the naked eye. The recorded optical emission spectrum shows a continuum attributable to a blackbody radiation of similar to2500 K. We believe the violent effects are associated with exothermic reactions following the rearrangement of bonds, which leads from the metastable sp-carbon chains to the more stable sp(2) form of carbon particles.
• Generation and characterization of highly strained dibenzotetrakisdehydro[12]annulene

  Y Tobe; Ohki, I; M Sonoda; H Niino; T Sato; T Wakabayashi

  JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY AMER CHEMICAL SOC 125 (19) 5614 - 5615 0002-7863 2003/05 [Refereed]
   

  We report here the generation of tetrakisdehydro[12]annulene possessing a highly deformed triyne component from the [4.3.2]propellatriene-annelated precursor by its photolysis extruding indan and the characterization of the highly reactive annulene by chemical and spectroscopic methods. In addition to the chemical evidence for the formation of the title compound in solution such as interception as a Diels-Alder adduct, we succeeded in its characterization by UV-vis and FTIR spectra in an argon matrix at 20 K. The experimental IR spectrum agreed well with the theoretical one calculated by the DFT method. Copyright © 2003 American Chemical Society.
• Preferential formation of neutral C-10 upon laser vaporized graphite in He gas as studied by photoionization mass spectroscopy with 10.5 eV photons

  Y Kato; T Wakabayashi; T Momose

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 118 (12) 5390 - 5394 0021-9606 2003/03 [Refereed]
   

  Neutral carbon clusters produced from laser-ablated graphite in a supersonic pulsed-helium expansion source were studied by time-of-flight (TOF) mass analysis using single-photon ionization with 10.5 eV photons. Varying the delay time of an ionization laser pulse relative to a vaporization pulse, we found that a signal of C-10, along with a weaker signal of C-12, was intensified almost exclusively to the other C-n signals with relatively long delay times of 80-250 mus. We observed two distinctly different TOFs for one and the same size, a short TOF at shorter delay times and a long TOF at longer delay times. We attribute the difference in TOF to the difference in initial velocity of the neutral cluster. We also performed the experiment within a high vacuum to find a similar difference in TOF for clusters of the same mass. The bimodal arrival-time distribution from the source to the ionization region indicates that the bunch of laser-ablated clusters separates into two bunches with different group velocities. We attribute this separation to the formation of a relatively dense layer of clusters. During collisions behind this layer, the relatively stable neutral C-10, probably of a monocyclic structure, is formed preferentially. This must be the origin of the selective detection of C-10 at the longer delay times. Using He as a buffer gas, the signal of the C-10 was found to be of a magnitude two orders more pronounced than within the high vacuum. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
• Generation of infrared radiation by stimulated Raman scattering in para-hydrogen crystal at 5 K

  M Fushitani; S Kuma; Y Miyamoto; H Katsuki; T Wakabayashi; T Momose; AF Vilesov

  OPTICS LETTERS OPTICAL SOC AMER 28 (1) 37 - 39 0146-9592 2003/01 [Refereed]
   

  We report the preliminary results of our experiments with stimulated Raman scattering in para-hydrogen crystal aimed at developing a continuously tunable laboratory laser source of mid-infrared radiation. With laser pulses at 532 nm, a conversion efficiency for the first Stokes beam of as much as 20% in the forward direction was observed through a single-pass, 5-cm-long crystal. Generation of mid-infrared pulses at 4.5 mum was achieved by use of the output of a near-infrared pulsed laser (1.6 mum, 3 ns), and an absorption spectrum of gaseous CD4 molecules was successfully recorded. These results suggest use of the solid para-hydrogen Raman shifter as a promising light source for mid-infrared spectroscopy. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.
• Laser induced fluorescence spectra of the D (1)Sigma(+)(u)-> B ' (1)Sigma(+)(g) and C (1)Pi(g)-> A (1)Pi(u) systems of C-2 in solid Ne

  T Wakabayashi; AL Ong; W Kratschmer

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 116 (14) 5996 - 6001 0021-9606 2002/04 [Refereed]
   

  In our study of carbon vapor molecules trapped in Ne matrices at 6 K, we observed laser induced fluorescence spectra of the D (1)Sigma(u)(+)-->B-' (1)Sigma(g)(+) system of C-2 upon excitation of the Mulliken transition D (1)Sigma(u)(+)<--X (1)Sigma(g)(+) of C-2 at 232 nm. A vibrational progression was clearly observed going from the upper vibrational v(')=0 level of the electronic D state into several lower v(')=0-6 levels of the B-' state. We found that the progression spans from 359 to 517 nm with a large Franck-Condon shift showing the intensity maximum for the 0-2 or 0-3 transition. The vibrational constants for the B-' state were derived as omega(e)=1427 cm-1 and omega(e)x(e)=2.1 cm(-1). We also observed the C-->A and the Swan band emissions, showing that from the excited D state also additional states were populated by internal conversion and intersystem crossing. The constants for the A state were derived as omega(e)=1613.5 cm(-1) and omega(e)x(e)=18.5 cm(-1). Fluorescence excitation spectra of the D-->B-' vibronic transitions were found to reproduce well the relatively narrow absorption feature of the Mulliken D<--X system. We discuss the entirely different excitation spectra occurring in argon matrices in terms of matrix-site effects. Each vibronic band of the D-->B-' progression shows fine structures probably due to translations and librations of C-2 molecules coupled with the surrounding lattice of Ne atoms. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics.
• Erratum: (Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 21 (4072-4074))

  Tobe, Y.; Furukawa, R.; Sonoda, M.; Wakabayashi, T.

  Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 41 (1) 2002
• Infrared spectroscopic study on photolysis of ethyl iodide in solid parahydrogen: Perdeuterated iodide system

  N Sogoshi; T Wakabayashi; T Momose; T Shida

  JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A AMER CHEMICAL SOC 105 (13) 3077 - 3086 1089-5639 2001/04 [Refereed]
   

  Perdeuterated ethyl iodide in solid parahydrogen is photolyzed at 4.4 K to find the formation of all deuterated ethylene, ethane, and ethyl radical and deuterium iodide. The temporal change in the intensity of the vibrational spectra upon UV irradiation reveals that the initial ethyl iodide exists in both monomeric and dimeric units. The monomeric unit is subjected to the following competitive reactions: C2D5I + h nu --> .C2D5 + .I and C2D5I + h nu --> CD2=CD2 + DI The ethylene produced thereby is loosely complexed with the counterpart DI. The dimeric unit undergoes the following one-photonic parallel reactions I and II: (I) (C2D5I)(2) + h nu --> 2 .C2D5 + I-2 to be followed by a gradual disproportionation, 2 .C2D5 --> CD2=CD2 + C2D6, which proceeds by quantum tunneling of a D atom between the radicals in the experimental time scale. The possible recombination of the two radicals to butane is not observed at all. (II) (C2D5I)(2) + h nu --> CD2=CD2 + C2D6 + h, which is a direct molecular process to give the same products as (I). The ethylene produced by both (I) and (II) tends to form complexes with C2D6 and with I-2. Prolonged irradiation induces the following secondary photolysis of the three primary photoproducts: .C2D5 + h nu --> CD2=CD2 + .D, DI + h nu --> .D + .I, and I-2 + h nu --> 2 .I.
• Polyyne cyclization to form carbon cages: [16.16.16](1,3,5)cyclophanetetracosayne derivatives C60H6 and C60Cl6 as precursors to C-60 fullerene

  Y Tobe; N Nakagawa; JY Kishi; M Sonoda; K Naemura; T Wakabayashi; T Shida; Y Achiba

  TETRAHEDRON PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 57 (17) 3629 - 3636 0040-4020 2001/04 [Refereed]
   

  [16.16.16](1,3,5)Cyclophanes fused by six [4.3.2]propellatriene units, which would serve as precursors to cage polyyne C60H6 and its perchloro derivative C60Cl6, respectively, were prepared. In the negative mode laser desorption mass spectra of the cyclophanes, the polyyne anions C60H6- and C60Cl6- were detected. Moreover, size selective formation of C-60(+) as well as C-60(-) was also observed, indicating the possible polyyne cyclization mechanism to form the fullerene cage. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Laser induced dissociation of linear C-6 and reorientation of trapping sites in solid neon

  T Wakabayashi; AL Ong; W Kratschmer

  NANONETWORK MATERIALS: FULLERENES, NANOTUBES AND RELATED SYSTEMS AMER INST PHYSICS 590 513 - 516 0094-243X 2001 [Refereed]
   

  Carbon clusters are formed from carbon vapor of resistively heated graphite rods. The clusters C-n are trapped in a matrix of solid Ne at 7 K. High resolution infrared (IR) absorption spectra of the matrix sample show a distinct fine structure for each vibrational band of clusters C-n suggesting different types of trapping sites, In the dissociation experiment, the matrix sample is irradiated by an ultraviolet (UV) laser tuned to the wavelength of an electronic transition of a linear cluster. The IR and UV absorption spectra are recorded before and after the irradiation. We found that the intensity of the IR absorption line of linear C-6 at 1958.7 cm(-1) decreases when the matrix sample is irradiated at a wavelength of 235 nm, near the maximum of a strong UV band. As a result of this exposure, also the UV band diminishes. The intensity decrease of the IR and UV band is correlated and indicates decomposition of linear C-6. We also observed changes In the fine structure of the IR absorptions, which indicate reorientation of trapping sites upon the electronic excitation.
• [12.12]Paracyclophanedodecaynes C36H8 and C36Cl8: The smallest paracyclophynes and their transformation into the carbon cluster ion C-36(-)

  Y Tobe; R Furukawa; M Sonoda; T Wakabayashi

  ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH 40 (21) 4072 - + 1433-7851 2001 [Refereed]
   

  The smallest [n.n.]cyclophynes known, [12.12]para-cyclophanedodecaynes C36H8 and C36Cl8 (see picture), were generated by [2=2] cycloreversion of its precursor under photolytic and mass spectrometric conditions. The stepwise loss of chlorine atoms from the anion C36 - in the gas phase.
• High-resolution infrared absorption spectroscopy of C-60 molecules and clusters in parahydrogen solids

  N Sogoshi; Y Kato; T Wakabayashi; T Momose; S Tam; ME DeRose; ME Fajardo

  JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A AMER CHEMICAL SOC 104 (16) 3733 - 3742 1089-5639 2000/04 [Refereed]
   

  We report the isolation of C-60 molecules in cryogenic parahydrogen (pH(2)) solids by the rapid vapor deposition method. New theoretical simulations of rovibrational spectra for low-temperature isolated C-12(60) molecules, including boson-exchange symmetry restrictions on the rotational levels, predict a characteristic "null gap" and unequal rotational line spacings for low-J values. High-resolution IR absorption spectra of the C-60/pH(2) samples failed to show rotationally resolved features, and in fact suggest that the majority of the C-60 molecules are not rotating. However, spectra of the F-1u(1) vibrational mode near 530 cm(-1) show line widths of approximate to 0.2 cm(-1) fwhm, the sharpest IR absorption bands for C-60 reported to date. Visible absorption spectra also show sharp features in the approximate to 600 nm region, supporting our contention of well-isolated C-60 molecules. The C-60 molecules appear to stabilize the pH(2) solid, inhibiting the fee to hcp conversion which usually occurs upon annealing of rapid vapor deposited pH(2) solids to T approximate to 5 K. We also report surprisingly strong C-60-induced IR activity in the pH(2) solid, and propose this phenomenon as a diagnostic for H-2 molecules adsorbed by carbon nanotubes, C-60/pH(2) samples grown in an enclosed cell by laser ablation of solid C-60 appear to contain predominantly (C-60)(n) clusters; these clusters are too small to exhibit "bulk" vibrational or electronic properties, as determined by IR and UV/visible absorption spectroscopies. Future experiments to disentangle the contributions of C-13 isotopic substitution, pH(2) matrix effects, and the putative hindered rotation of C-60 molecules to the observed C-60/pH(2) IR line shapes are presently under consideration.
• [2+2] cycloreversion of [4.3.2]propella-1,3,11-trienes: An approach to cyclo[n]carbons from propellane-annelated dehydro[n]annulenes

  Y Tobe; T Fujii; H Matsumoto; K Tsumuraya; D Noguchi; N Nakagawa; M Sonoda; K Naemura; Y Achiba; T Wakabayashi

  JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY AMER CHEMICAL SOC 122 (8) 1762 - 1775 0002-7863 2000/03 [Refereed]
   

  As a method to generate all-carbon molecules having highly reactive polyyne units from stable precursors, the [2 + 2] cycloreversion of [4.3.2]propella-1,3,11-triene derivatives was developed, To test the efficiency of this method, the reaction was first applied to simple diethynyl- and dibutadiynyl-substituted propellatrienes, which produced upon UV-irradiation linear hexatriyne and decapentayne derivatives, respectively. Next, dehydro[12]-, [16]-, [18]-, [20]-, and [24]annulene derivatives annelated by the [4.3.2]propellatriene units were prepared as precursors to the corresponding cyclo[n]carbons, a monocyclic form of carbon clusters. Laser-desorption mass spectra of the dehydroannulenes exhibited, in the negative mode, peaks due to the corresponding cyclo[n]carbon anions (n = 12, 16, 18, 20, and 24) formed by successive losses of aromatic indane fragments. Solution photolysis of the dehydro[16]annulene and dehydro[18]annulene derivatives formed reactive polyyne intermediates by [2 + 2] cycloreversion which were intercepted by furan to give the corresponding Diels-Alder adducts. The structures and spectroscopic properties of the dehydroannulenes annelated by the [4.3.2]propellatriene units, the precursors to cyclo[n]carbons, and those annelated by the oxanorbornadiene units, the products of the photolysis in furan, are discussed.
• HPLC analysis for fullerenes up to C-90 and the use of the laser furnace technique to study fullerene formation process

  D Kasuya; T Ishigaki; T Suganuma; Y Ohtsuka; S Suzuki; H Shiromaru; Y Achiba; T Wakabayashi

  EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D SPRINGER VERLAG 9 (1-4) 355 - 358 1434-6060 1999/12 [Refereed]
   

  The ambient temperature dependence of the yield of fullerenes was systematically investigated toward furthering the understanding of the fullerene formation mechanism. The change in yield of fullerenes from C-60 to C-96 was quantitatively examined as a function of fullerene size, temperature, and position of target in the gradient of temperature. As a result, it was found that the formation of higher fullerenes requires higher furnace temperature, presumably because of the presence of higher reaction barriers prior to the accomplishment of the fullerene cage. In connection with such a thermal effect on the yield of fullerenes, we have also carried out an experiment to deduce the spatial distribution of such an endothermic reaction area in which the external heating is effectively active. Furthermore, in order to establish the presence of such a particular area for the fullerene formation, we used a high-speed video camera to directly detect emission from hot particles, which was found to be closely related to fullerene formation.
• Mass spectroscopic studies of laser ablated carbon clusters as studied by photoionization with 10.5 eV photons under high vacuum

  T Wakabayashi; T Momose; T Shida

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 111 (14) 6260 - 6263 0021-9606 1999/10 [Refereed]
   

  Neutral carbon clusters C-n (n=1-30) produced along with ionic clusters in laser vaporized graphite are studied under high vacuum by combined use of time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectroscopy and one photon ionization with a photon energy of 10.5 eV. The TOF mass distribution pattern shows intensification of the C4n+2 (n greater than or equal to 2) clusters more clearly than the previous work by Kaizu [J. Chem. Phys. 106, 9954 (1997)] who employed the same 10.5 eV photon but photoionized the neutral clusters generated by laser vaporization of graphite in helium buffer gas. The intensification is attributed to the intrinsic stability of the C4n+2 (n greater than or equal to 2) neutral clusters, probably due to the monocyclicity. Two different line shapes of the mass spectral peak are observed for one and the same cluster size. The line shape with a tailing toward longer flight times is associated with the neutral clusters produced by relatively slow fragmentation of larger clusters (n much greater than 30) followed by autoionization of the fragmented clusters. The other sharp line shape is associated with prompt ionization by the 10.5 eV photon. It is concluded that only the electronically excited neutral clusters are ionized for n less than or equal to 5 whereas the clusters with n > 5 are ionized irrespective of their electronic state. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)01038-7].
• Pyridine analogue of macrocyclic polyyne C58H4N2 as a precursor to diazafullerene C58N2

  Y Tobe; H Nakanishi; M Sonoda; T Wakabayashi; Y Achiba

  CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY (17) 1625 - 1626 1359-7345 1999/09 [Refereed]
   

  (1,3,5)Pyridinophanes having [4.3.2]propellatriene units were synthesized as precursors to macrocyclic polyyne C58H4N2; diazafullerene anion C58N2- was detected in the laser desorption mass spectrum of the pyridinophanes.
• High resolution infrared absorption spectra of methane molecules isolated in solid parahydrogen matrices

  Simon Tam; Mario E. Fajardo; Hiroyuki Katsuki; Hiromichi Hoshina; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Takamasa Momose

  Journal of Chemical Physics American Institute of Physics Inc. 111 (9) 4191 - 4198 0021-9606 1999/09 [Refereed]
   

  We present high resolution (∼0.01 cm-1) infrared absorption spectra of the ν4 band of methane doped parahydrogen (CH4/pH2) solids produced by two different techniques: gas condensation in an enclosed cell at T≈8 K, and rapid vapor deposition onto a T≈2 K substrate in vacuum. The spectrum of the rapid vapor deposited solid contains a novel progression of single peaks with ≈5 cm-1 spacing, superimposed over the known spectrum of CH4 molecules trapped in sites of D3h symmetry in hexagonal close-packed (hcp) solid pH2. New theoretical calculations of the rovibrational transitions of a tetrahedral molecule in an external field of Oh symmetry permit the assignment of this new progression to CH4 molecules trapped in crystalline face centered cubic (fcc) regions of the pH2 solid. Annealing of the rapid vapor deposited samples to T≈5 K decreases the intensities of the CH4/pH2(fcc) absorptions, and results in intensity changes for parallel and perpendicularly polarized CH4/pH2(hcp) transitions. We discuss these phenomena, and the narrow (0.01-0.04 cm-1 full width at half-maximum) absorption linewidths, in terms of the microscopic structure of the pH2 hosts. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
• Infrared spectroscopic study of rovibrational states of perdeuterated methane (CD4) trapped in parahydrogen crystal

  H Hoshina; T Wakabayashi; T Momose; T Shida

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 110 (12) 5728 - 5733 0021-9606 1999/03 [Refereed]
   

  The triply degenerate stretching (nu(3)) and bending (nu(4)) modes of CD4 in solid parahydrogen at cryogenic temperatures are studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to reveal crystal field split rovibrational structures. The observed spectra are analyzed by taking into account the crystal field potential which is constructed by the summation of the pairwise (dispersive) potential between the methane and the surrounding hydrogen molecules. By the least-squares fitting of that observed to a theoretical model the molecular constants of CD4 as well as the potential coefficient are determined as in the previous work on the CH4/p-H-2 system. The potential is approximated to be proportional to the product of the polarizability of hydrogen molecule, the dipole-quadrupole polarizability of methane, and the inverse of the seventh power of the intermolecular distance between methane and hydrogen molecules. From the ratio of the potential coefficients of CH4 and CD4 the dipole-quadrupole polarizability of CD4 is found to be 0.875 times that of CH4 under the assumption that the quantum renormalization effect is negligible. A novel temperature dependence of the line shape of the nu(3) and nu(4) modes is discovered over the range of 4.5 to 8.0 K. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)00912-5].
• Tunneling chemical reactions in solid parahydrogen: A case of CD3+H-2 -> CD3H+H at 5 K

  T Momose; H Hoshina; N Sogoshi; H Katsuki; T Wakabayashi; T Shida

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 108 (17) 7334 - 7338 0021-9606 1998/05 [Refereed]
   

  Ultraviolet photolysis of CD3I in solid parahydrogen at 5 K gives CD3 radical, which decreases in a single exponential manner with a rate constant of (4.7 +/- 0.5) x 10(-6) s(-1). Concomitantly, CD3H is formed, which is accounted fur by the quantum tunneling reaction CD3 + H-2 --> CD3H + H. Under the same conditions, CH3I yields CH3 radical, hut the corresponding reaction between CH3 and H-2, expected to give CH4 + H, does not proceed measurably at 5 K. The difference between the two systems is attributed to the difference in the zero point energy change. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics.
• [16.16.16](1,3,5)cyclophanetetracosayne (C60H6): A precursor to C-60 fullerene

  Y Tobe; N Nakagawa; K Naemura; T Wakabayashi; T Shida; Y Achiba

  JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY AMER CHEMICAL SOC 120 (18) 4544 - 4545 0002-7863 1998/05 [Refereed]
  
• Photoinduced reactions of methyl radical in solid parahydrogen

  Mizuho Fushitani; Norihito Sogoshi; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Takamasa Momose; Tadamasa Shida

  Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (15) 6346 - 6350 0021-9606 1998 [Refereed]
   

  Photolysis of methyl iodide in solid parahydrogen (p-H2) at about 5 K is studied with ultraviolet light at 253.7 and 184.9 nm. It is found that the light at 253.7 nm produces only methyl radical, whereas the light at 184.9 nm yields both methyl radical and methane. The mechanism of the formation of the photoproducts is elucidated by analyzing the temporal behavior of the observed vibrational absorption. It is concluded that methyl radical in the ground state does not react with p-H2 molecules appreciably but that the radical in the electronic excited state of B̃(2A1′), accessible by reabsorption of 184.9 nm photons by the radical, decomposes to a singlet methylene CH2 ã(1A1) and a hydrogen atom (2S) and that the singlet methylene reacts with a p-H2 molecule to give methane. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
• Infrared spectroscopic study of rovibrational states of methane trapped in parahydrogen crystal

  T Momose; M Miki; T Wakabayashi; T Shida; MC Chan; SS Lee; T Oka

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 107 (19) 7707 - 7716 0021-9606 1997/11 [Refereed]
   

  The nu(3) and nu(4) vibrational transitions of methane trapped in solid parahydrogen have been observed by using Fourier transform infrared and high resolution laser spectroscopy. The observed spectrum is interpreted in terms of rovibrational states of the spherical rotor which are subjected to the crystal field splitting. The nu(4) band shows extremely sharp lines of a width of similar to 0.003 cm(-1), while the nu(3) band exhibits broader lines of a width of 1 cm(-1). The infrared selection rules derived from an extended group theory to take into account the field effect are consistent with the observed spectra. The intermolecular interaction and the field effect in solid parahydrogen are analyzed quantitatively. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.
• High-resolution laser spectroscopy of methane clusters trapped in solid parahydrogen

  T Momose; H Katsuki; H Hoshina; N Sogoshi; T Wakabayashi; T Shida

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 107 (19) 7717 - 7720 0021-9606 1997/11 [Refereed]
   

  Clusters of methane are isolated in solid parahydrogen. The vibrational spectral region of the nu(4) fundamental of methane molecule is surveyed with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and a high-resolution difference-frequency infrared laser system. More than 200 sharp absorption lines are discovered whose linewidth is as narrow as 0.007 cm(-1) (200 MHz). The spectrum indicates that the rovibrational levels of the clusters of small sizes are well quantized in solid parahydrogen. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.
• Photoelectron spectroscopy of C-n(-) produced from laser ablated dehydroannulene derivatives having carbon ring size of n=12, 16, 18, 20, and 24

  T Wakabayashi; M Kohno; Y Achiba; H Shiromaru; T Momose; T Shida; K Naemura; Y Tobe

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 107 (13) 4783 - 4787 0021-9606 1997/10 [Refereed]
   

  n-Dehydroannulenes with the ring size of n = 12, 16, 18, 20, and 24 and with three to five indanyl substituents are laser ablated by 355 nm photons. The indanyl unit is lost stepwise up to the complete deletion to leave the bare annulenyl skeleton. The monoanions of these products are mass analyzed first, and then subjected to a second laser pulse of 266 nm to obtain photoelectron spectra for C-n(-) with n = 12, 16, 18, 20, and 24. The spectra are compared with those obtained by using graphite as a target of the laser ablation. The comparison of the two spectra provides useful information on the structure of neutral carbon clusters. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.
• Preferential formation of C-10(-) upon tandem irradiation of graphite with IR and UV laser pulses

  T Wakabayashi; T Momose; T Shida; H Shiromaru; M Ohara; Y Achiba

  JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AMER INST PHYSICS 107 (4) 1152 - 1155 0021-9606 1997/07 [Refereed]
   

  Infrared (IR) pulse laser ablation of graphite followed by tightly focused ultraviolet (UV) pulse laser irradiation yields C-10(-) predominantly when the delay time between the two laser pulses is set at about 50-200 mu s. The mechanism of the formation of C-10(-) is deduced to be the attachment of slow photoelectrons to neutral C-10 produced by fragmentation of hot neutral clusters of larger sizes. There is an indication that C-10 and its anion have cyclic structures in contrast to the other chainlike clusters. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.
• Infrared spectroscopic studies on photolysis of ethyl iodide in solid parahydrogen

  N Sogoshi; T Wakabayashi; T Momose; T Shida

  JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A AMER CHEMICAL SOC 101 (4) 522 - 527 1089-5639 1997/01 [Refereed]
   

  The photolysis of ethyl iodide in solid parahydrogen leads to the formation of ethyl radical, ethylene, and ethane upon near-UV illumination at about 5 K which are characterized by vibrational spectroscopy. The mechanism of the formation of the products is elucidated consistently. Two kinds of ethylene are discriminated spectroscopically which show distinctly different temporal behaviors during illumination and standing under dark. One of them is attributed to a complex between ethylene and iodine atom. The present work demonstrates that the cage effect is insignificant in the solid parahydrogen matrix, and a variety of elementary reactions of in situ photolysis can be studied in detail in contrast to conventional rare gas matrices.
• Towards the selective formation of specific isomers of fullerenes: T- and p-dependence in the yield of various isomers of fullerenes C-60-C-84

  T Wakabayashi; D Kasuya; H Shiromaru; S Suzuki; K Kikuchi; Y Achiba

  ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK D-ATOMS MOLECULES AND CLUSTERS SPRINGER VERLAG 40 (1-4) 414 - 417 0178-7683 1997 [Refereed]
   

  Systematic fractional change in the yield of various isomers of fullerenes was revealed to strongly depend on temperature of a buffer gas. A new kinetic consideration is proposed for understanding the observed temperature- and pressure-dependence of yield of fullerenes. The model consists of three competitive reactions in consideration of plausible behaviors of a precursor, (1) decomposition into smaller fragments, (2) isomerization leading to formation of a stable fullerene cage, and (3) growth into a larger carbon cluster. Arrhenius activation energy of formation of stable fullerenes was determined to be 0.8 eV for both C-60 and C-70, while a higher energy of 2.0-3.3 eV for seven different isomers of higher fullerenes ranging from C-76 to C-84 Correlation in the activation energy is noted for a series of higher fullerenes with different sizes, sugggesting the existence of a specific precursor in their formation processes.
• Photoionization/fragmentation of endohedral fullerenes

  S Suzuki; Y Kojima; H Shiromaru; Y Achiba; T Wakabayashi; R Tellgmann; EEB Campbell; Hertel, IV

  ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK D-ATOMS MOLECULES AND CLUSTERS SPRINGER VERLAG 40 (1-4) 410 - 413 0178-7683 1997 [Refereed]
   

  Photoionization/fragmentation of endohedral fullerenes was investigated by use of laser-desorption time-of-flight (LD-TOF) mass spectroscopy. The velocity distribution of the parent ion (LaC82+) was found to be bimodal, as has previously been shown for laser desorbed C-60(+). The fragment ions have velocity distributions corresponding predominantly to the fast parent ion distribution. The LD-TOF mass spectra taken with a relatively low laser fluence were independent of the delay time of the extraction pulse, showing only a monotonically decreasing pattern of LaC:, (as n decreased). However, with higher laser fluence, it was shown that the mass distributions drastically changed from the monotonically decreasing pattern to that of C-2n(+) and LaC:, with magic numbers. Based on these findings, a plausible photoionization/fragmentation mechanism is presented and discussed.
• Tunable-narrow-linewidth continuous-wave mid-infrared light generation by difference-frequency mixing

  T Momose; T Wakabayashi; T Shida

  JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS OPTICAL SOC AMER 13 (8) 1706 - 1712 0740-3224 1996/08 [Refereed]
   

  The generation of tunable narrow-band mid-infrared Light by difference-frequency mixing of two kinds of continuous-wave ring-laser radiation in potassium titanyl phosphate is described. The system produces infrared powers of similar to 20 mu W of difference-frequency light continuously tunable from 1.05 to 2.8 mu m (3500-9500 cm(-1)). Continuous scans over a range of 100 cm(-1) with a spectral precision better than 10 MHz (0.0003 cm(-1)) are achieved. The high-resolution characteristics of the laser system are evaluated by use of a portion of Q(2)(0) overtone vibration-rotation spectrum of a solid parahydrogen crystal. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America.
• Structures of carbon soot prepared by laser ablation

  S Iijima; T Wakabayashi; Y Achiba

  JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AMER CHEMICAL SOC 100 (14) 5839 - 5843 0022-3654 1996/04 [Refereed]
   

  Two types of carbon soot, prepared by the laser ablation of graphite and carbon are-discharge, were examined by means of electron microscopy. These carbonaceous materials are byproducts in fullerene production and thus are expected to be related structurally to fullerene molecules. It will be shown that morphologies and structure of the soot depend on carrier gas temperature during laser sputtering. Graphitic carbon is formed abundantly at room temperature, and network structures of fullerene-like cages appear dominantly at 1200 degrees C. Additional thermal energy during condensation of sputtered carbon is crucial in formation of various types of structures of solid carbon including fullerene molecules.
• A new entry into cyclo[n]carbons: [2+2] Cycloreversion of propellane-annelated dehydroannulenes

  Y Tobe; T Fujii; H Matsumoto; K Naemura; Y Achiba; T Wakabayashi

  JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY AMER CHEMICAL SOC 118 (11) 2758 - 2759 0002-7863 1996/03 [Refereed]
  
• C-2-loss fragmentation of higher fullerenes and metallofullerenes

  T Wakabayashi; H Shiromaru; S Suzuki; K Kikuchi; Y Achiba

  SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD 3 (1) 793 - 798 0218-625X 1996/02 [Refereed]
   

  Photofragmentation investigations were performed by using chromatographically isolated pure samples of higher fullerenes and metallofullerenes. Quite similar distributions of fragments were commonly observed for five different fullerenes, and this fact supports the presence of a ''scrambled-cage'' structure in a highly excited fullerene cage. An enhancement of the C-60 and C-70 signals was also observed as a result of ''delayed C-2-loss'' fragmentation within a time scale of about 60 mu s after photoexcitation. Photodissociation study of mono- and di-metallofullerenes revealed the qualitative difference in the fragment distributions between them, suggesting that LaC82 would possess an endohedral, and Sc2C84 an exohedral, form.
• Trends in large fullerenes: Are they balls or tubes

  Y Achiba; K Kikuchi; Y Aihara; T Wakabayashi; Y Miyake; M Kainosho

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS OF FULLERENES 10 (AND 5) YEARS LATER KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL 316 139 - 147 0168-132X 1996 [Refereed]
   

  The structures of higher fullerenes are described based on C-13 NMR measurements of HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography)-isolated and purified samples. The most interesting aspect deduced from the present systematic work on the higher fullerenes up to C-94 is that among 19 kinds of fullerenes with different sizes and isomers, almost all fullerenes commonly have at least one C-2 symmetry axis in their molecular frame. The spectral feature of UV/visible absorption obtained for the HPLC-isolated samples up to C-116 fullerene gives, on the other hand, a strong indication that the numbers of co-existing isomers are extremely small, probably the presence of one or two isomers. Considering the huge numbers of the possible isomer candidates (over 5000 for C-116, for example),these experimental evidences may suggest the presence of very strong selectivity for the formation of stable higher fullerenes, which, in turn, is closely associated with the unknown growth process of a fullerene cage network. In order to understand the selectivity in more detail, we have also performed the experiments by which the temperature dependence of isomer fractions was clarified.
• The Arrhenius Activation Energy for the Formation of Fullerenes

  T. Wakabayashi; D. Kasuya; K. Kikuchi; H. Shiromaru; Y. Achiba

  Proceedings of Yamada Conference XLIII on Structures and Dynamics of Clusters : May 10-13, 1995, Shimoda, Shizuoka, Japan, Tamotsu Kondow, Koji Kaya, Akira Terasaki 535 - 539 1996 [Refereed]
  
• Infrared spectroscopic studies of carbon clusters trapped in solid parahydrogen

  Masaaki Miki; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Takamasa Momose; Tadamasa Shida

  The Journal of Physical Chemistry 100 (30) 12135 - 12137 0022-3654 1996 [Refereed]
   

  Small carbon clusters produced by laser ablation of a carbon rod are trapped in solid parahydrogen at 4.8 K. Infrared spectra show the presence of C3, C5, C9, and a few new clusters. The observed vibrational spectra with multiplet structures are tentatively associated with hindered rotation of the clusters. Temperature dependence of the IR spectra reveals the diffusion of C3 and C5 clusters in the crystal at around 8 K, while no diffusion of C9 and the larger clusters is noticed. Any hydrocarbons which might be produced by reactions between the carbon clusters and the substrate hydrogen molecules are not observed both during the deposition and after the thermal annealing. © 1996 American Chemical Society.
• High resolution laser spectroscopy of solid parahydrogen at liquid helium temperatures

  T Momose; T Wakabayashi; T Shida

  CZECHOSLOVAK JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CZECHOSLOVAK JNL OF PHYSICS 46 529 - 530 0011-4626 1996 [Refereed]
   

  The first overtone vibration-rotation transition of parahydrogen in a crystal containing a residual amount of orthohydrogen has been detected using high resolution laser spectroscopy. The observed spectrum shows several splittings due to the anistropic crystal field interactions. The crystal field splitting of a single J=1 orthohydrogen molecule in solid parahydrogen at liquid He temperatures is found to be 0.0070cm(-1) (0.0108 K).
• Generation of Cyclocarbons with 4n Carbon Atoms (Cl2, Cl6, and C2o) by [2 + 2] Cycloreversion of Propellane-Annelated

  Yoshito Tobe; Hideki Matsumoto; Koichiro Naemura; Yohji Achiba; Tomonari Wakabayashi

  Angewandte Chemie (International Edition in English) Wiley-VCH Verlag 35 (16) 1800 - 1802 0570-0833 1996 [Refereed]
  
• Dynamics and Growth Mechanism of Carbon Network Systems

  WAKABAYASHI Tomonari

  Dissertation for Ph. D. (Natural Science), Tokyo Metropolitan University 1995/03 [Refereed]
  
• Higher fullerenes: Structure and properties

  Y ACHIBA; K KIKUCHI; Y AIHARA; T WAKABAYASHI; Y MIYAKE; M KAINOSHO

  SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF FULLERENE MATERIALS MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC 359 3 - 9 0272-9172 1995 

  The structures of higher fullerenes are described based on 13C NMR measurements of isolated and purified samples. The most interesting aspect deduced from the present structural work on the higher fullerenes up to C 90 is that among 19 kinds of fullerenes with different sizes and isomers, 18 fullerenes commonly have at least one C 2 symmetry axis in their molecular frame. Only one exception is C 90 fullerene with a C 1 symmetry. The spectral feature of UV/Visible absorption obtained for the HPLC-isolated C 120 fullerene gives, on the other hand, a strong indication that the numbers of co-existing isomer of very large fullerenes are extremely limited, probably one or two. Considering the huge numbers of IPR-(isolated pentagon rule) satisfying isomer of C 120 (10,774), these experimental evidences may suggest the presence of very strong selectivity for the formation of stable higher fullerenes, which, in turn, is closely associated with the unknown growth process of a fullerene cage network.
• ESR DETECTION OF NONEQUIVALENT SCANDIUM TRIMER

  S SUZUKI; Y KOJIMA; Y NAKAO; T WAKABAYASHI; S KAWATA; K KIKUCHI; Y ACHIBA; T KATO

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 229 (4-5) 512 - 516 0009-2614 1994/11 [Refereed]
   

  The existence of non-equivalent Sc trimer was confirmed by ESR measurements after the HPLC separation of a Sc-trimer enriched portion from carbon soot. The newly observed ESR signal consists of well-resolved hyperfine structures reproducible by a non-equivalent Sc trimer structure. The observed hyperfine structures and line widths were compared with those of Sc@C-82 and Sc-3@C-82, by which the stabilization of the non-equivalent trimer structure is discussed in terms of the hindered molecular motion of the trimer embedded in a fullerene-like carbon network.
• FORMATION AND STABILITY OF SMALL METALLOCARBON CLUSTERS - WHAT IS THE SPECIFICITY FOR THE FORMATION OF STABLE METALLOFULLERENES

  S SUZUKI; H TORISU; H KUBOTA; T WAKABAYASHI; H SHIROMARU; Y ACHIBA

  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ION PROCESSES ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 138 297 - 306 0168-1176 1994/10 [Refereed]
   

  To clarify the specificity for the formation of stable metallofullerenes M@C-82, laser vaporization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy was applied to metal-carbon composite rods, which have been used to produce extractable metallofullerenes. Most of the metal elements in the fourth row of the periodic table (K to Zn), the group IIIA elements (La, Y, and Sc), and some of the lanthanides (Ce, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, and Lu) were examined. The results of mass spectra taken by three different modes (positive, negative, and post-ionization) were shown and compared with the laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectra of the metallofullerene-containing crude extract for each element. It was shown that there was a strong correlation between the formation of MC(n) (n > 4) and the formation of MC(82). Also, a preliminary ab initio calculation was performed, using MC(6) (M = Sc, Y, and K) as typical examples, in order to elucidate the stability and the molecular structure of MC(n). It was shown that there was a difference in the binding energy and the optimized molecular structure between the cases of M = Sc, Y, and M = K. All of the above findings strongly support the view that MC(n) (n > 4) has an important role in the formation process of M@C-82.
• Stability of metallofullerene lac82 on uv light irradiation

  Masayoshi Ishibashi; Yasushi Tomioka; Yoshio Taniguchi; Shinzo Suzuki; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Yasuhiko Kojima; Koichi Kikuchi; Yohji Achiba

  Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 33 (9) L1265 - L1267 1347-4065 1994 [Refereed]
   

  The effect of UV light on the stability of metallofullerenes containing lanthanum was investigated using laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry and ESR. The decomposition rate of LaC82 in toluene solution was about 100 times faster than that of C60 Moreover, decomposition of both metallofullerene and C60 toluene solutions induced by UV light irradiation in air would mainly occur without oxide formation. In these decomposition reactions by UV light irradiation, both dissolved oxygen and photo excited toluene molecules would play important roles. © 1994 IOP Publishing Ltd.
• Pressure-controlled selective isomer formation of fullerene C78

  T. Wakabayashi; K. Kikuchi; S. Suzuki; H. Shiromaru; Y. Achiba

  Journal of Physical Chemistry 98 (12) 3090 - 3091 0022-3654 1994 [Refereed]
   

  The isomer formation of three isomers of C78 fullerene is discussed on the basis of experimental evidence revealed by pressure-controlled fullerene production. Theoretically predicted most stable isomer, C2v′-C78 has been found to be very sensitive to the graphite burning condition. The fraction of C2v′ isomer dramatically changes from zero to 50% by changing the foreign gas pressure. The present findings strongly suggest that an isomerization within the C78 carbon network such as a pyracylene rearrangement type transformation unlikely takes place. © 1994 American Chemical Society.
• ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE METALLOFULLERENE LAC82

  K KIKUCHI; S SUZUKI; Y NAKAO; N NAKAHARA; T WAKABAYASHI; H SHIROMARU; K SAITO; IKEMOTO, I; Y ACHIBA

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 216 (1-2) 67 - 71 0009-2614 1993/12 [Refereed]
   

  Using a two-step liquid chromatographic method, the metallofullerene LaC82 has been isolated for the first time from the carbon soot. The isolated LaC82 was well identified as a stable molecule classified to a novel family of fullerene cage molecules. Comparison of the IR absorption spectra between LaC82 and C82 empty fullerene suggests an endohedral form for LaC82 with the same cage structure (C2 SYMMetry) previously proposed for C82. The presence of electronic absorption in the near-infrared region strongly supports the formation of an open-shell electronic structure for LaC82.
• HIGHER FULLERENES - SEPARATION AND MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES

  K KIKUCHI; N NAKAHARA; T WAKABAYASHI; S SUZUKI; K SAITO; IKEMOTO, I; Y ACHIBA

  SYNTHETIC METALS ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE 56 (2-3) 3208 - 3213 0379-6779 1993/04 [Refereed]
   

  Higher Fullerenes up to C110 were isolated from carbon soot by using HPLC and the presence of magic number was ascertained. By C-13 NMR measurement, molecular structures and isomers of C78, C82, and C84 were determined. There are three isomers of C78. The production ratio of C2v', C2v, D3-C78 is about 5:2:2. The main isomer of C82 have the structure with C2 symmetry and its production yield is about 70% of total C82. There are two main isomers in C84 (D2,D2d-C84). The preliminary investigation indicated that any higher fullerenes up to C90 does not show superconductivity even when alkali-metals doped.
• A HYPOTHETICAL GROWTH-MECHANISM OF CARBON 5-MEMBERED AND 6-MEMBERED RING NETWORKS

  Y ACHIBA; T WAKABAYASHI; T MORIWAKI; S SUZUKI; H SHIROMARU

  MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE 19 (1-2) 14 - 17 0921-5107 1993/04 [Refereed]
   

  One of the most prominent aspects of the novel form of carbon molecules, the ''fullerenes'', is the characteristic features of the C-C bond networks. The fullerene hollow closed cage consists of five- and six-membered rings, providing a spherical surface with no adjacent pentagons in the network (isolated pentagon rule, IPR). Here we describe a novel picture of growth of fullerenes, paying special attention to the initial stage of growth of five- and six-membered ring networks. Some important precursors associated with specific fullerenes are suggested in connection with the structure and stability of small carbon clusters.
• Two dimensional detection of size selected and focused neutral carbon clusters using image intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) system

  S. Suzuki; T. Wakabayashi; H. Matsuura; H. Shiromaru; C. Kittaka; Y. Achiba

  Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters Springer-Verlag 26 (1) 317 - 319 0178-7683 1993/03 [Refereed]
   

  An apparatus for getting size selected and focused neutral carbon clusters was developed. Using image intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) system, the beam profiles of C10 - and C10 were investigated. The results indicated that the beam density of C10 surpasses that of C10 - of space charge limit. © 1993 Springer-Verlag.
• Stability, structures and a hypothetical growth mechanism of carbon 5/6 network

  Y. Achiba; T. Wakabayashi

  Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters Springer-Verlag 26 (1) 69 - 73 0178-7683 1993/03 [Refereed]
   

  A novel picture of growth of fullerene and fullerene-like structures is proposed. The ring stacking model have been studied in detail in connection with the stability, structures and growth mechanism of carbon 5-and 6-membered ring network. Combining the model with energetic considerations, the selective formation of sizes and isomers of large fullerenes has successfully been described. © 1993 Springer-Verlag.
• Ring-stacking consideration on higher fullerene growth

  T. Wakabayashi; K. Kikuchi; H. Shiromaru; S. Suzuki; Y. Achiba

  Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters Springer-Verlag 26 (1) 258 - 260 0178-7683 1993/03 [Refereed]
   

  A hypothetical ring-stacking procedure combined with the isolated-pentagon rule(IPR) shows variety of formation pathways of many fullerene structures with a 5- and 6-membered ring carbon cage. Combining the ring-stacking procedure with energetic considerations, the numbers of possible reaction channels are dramatically reduced within the framework of the ring-stacking considerations. This, in turn, gives the results that only some specific isomers of large fullerenes are selectively produced. The resulting fullerene structures specified are surprisingly well consistent with the recent experimental results. © 1993 Springer-Verlag.
• A SELECTIVE ISOMER GROWTH OF FULLERENES

  T WAKABAYASHI; H SHIROMARU; K KIKUCHI; Y ACHIBA

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 201 (5-6) 470 - 474 0009-2614 1993/01 [Refereed]
   

  We propose a new fullerene growth model with a novel picture for selective isomer formation of higher fullerenes. The model described supposes that the fullerene intermediates, consisting of a 5- and 6-membered ring network (a cap-like structure), undergo a facile interconversion by a ''pentagon migration'' transformation. This energy stabilization process dramatically reduces the possible candidates of isomers with fullerene cages. The model also predicts the preferential formation of two specific isomers, D2(5)- and D2d(23)-C84 with a fraction ratio of 2:1. This conclusion is in contrast to the recent theoretical prediction that the D2(22) isomer with a different fullerene cage is more stable than the D2(5)-C84.
• A MODEL FOR THE C-60 AND C-70 GROWTH-MECHANISM

  T WAKABAYASHI; Y ACHIBA

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 190 (5) 465 - 468 0009-2614 1992/03 [Refereed]
   

  A new ring-stacking model is proposed for preferential generation of C60 with I(h) symmetry and C70 with D5h symmetry in carbon soot. The model is constructed on the basis of the following two assumptions: (1) A carbon closed cage (fullerene) is formed by a sequential stacking with appropriate numbers and combinations of only even-numbered carbon rings. (2) The intermediates, as well as the final closed cages, consist of only hexagons and pentagons with no adjacent pentagons.
• ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FULLERENE FAMILY - C-76, C-78, C-82, C-84, C-90 AND C-96

  K KIKUCHI; N NAKAHARA; T WAKABAYASHI; M HONDA; H MATSUMIYA; T MORIWAKI; S SUZUKI; H SHIROMARU; K SAITO; K YAMAUCHI; IKEMOTO, I; Y ACHIBA

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 188 (3-4) 177 - 180 0009-2614 1992/01 [Refereed]
   

  A preparative high-performance liquid chromatography was examined for the isolation of higher fullerenes from CS2 extracts of the carbon soot produced by arc heating of graphite in inert atmosphere. At least eight all-carbon compounds C60, C70, C76, C78, C82, C84, C90 and C96 were confirmed as a "stable fullerene". C82 and C96 are new members of fullerene family which have not been reported so far. The presence of stable C82 seems to be closely related with the recent success of macroscopic quantities of production of LaC82 reported by Smalley's group.
• NMR characterization of isomers of C78, C82 and C84 fullerenes

  Koichi Kikuchi; Nobuo Nakahara; Tomonari Wakabayashi; Shinzo Suzuki; Haruo Shiromaru; Yoko Miyake; Kazuya Saito; Isao Ikemoto; Masatsune Kainosho; Yohji Achiba

  Nature 357 (6374) 142 - 145 0028-0836 1992 [Refereed]
   

  FOLLOWING the development of a method for bulk synthesis of C60 and other fullerenes1, the isolation of higher fullerenes ranging from C76 to C96 has been achieved using chromatographic techniques2-5. Whereas C60 and C70 have unique, high-symmetry structures6, theoretical calculations for fullerenes larger than C76 have suggested that each may exist in at least two isomeric forms7. For C84, 24 isomers have been postulated7, and for C96calculations have yielded 196 distinct isomers8. Diederich et al.9 have used liquid chromatography and 13C NMR to identify two isomers of C78, but previous experimental studies of other higher fullerenes2 have produced ambiguous results. Here we use 13C NMR to determine the structures of some principal isomers of C78, C82 and C84. We find a third isomer of C78, which was not reported in ref. 9. Characterization of the structures of these larger fullerenes should provide new understanding of the factors determining the stability of hollow carbon clusters. © 1992 Nature Publishing Group.
• SIZE SELECTION AND FOCUSING OF NEUTRAL CARBON CLUSTERS

  S SUZUKI; T WAKABAYASHI; H MATSUURA; H SHIROMARU; C KITTAKA; Y ACHIBA

  CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 182 (1) 12 - 16 0009-2614 1991/07 [Refereed]
   

  A new method is proposed for producing a high-density beam of size-selected neutral clusters of metal or semiconductor materials. This method is based on photodetachment of negative cluster ions, size-selected and then tightly focused by two sets of einzel lens systems. This method was shown to focus the size-selected neutral cluster of C-10 beyond the limit of the "space charge" effect observed in the beam profile of C-10-.

Books etc

• Step‐up基礎化学

  梶本 興亜; 石川 春樹; 江川 徹; 鈴木 正; 若林 知成; 石丸 臣一; 梶本 興亜 (Joint work)培風館 2015/05 4563046213 226
• 炭素学: 基礎物性から応用展開まで (DAS)

  田中一義; 東原秀和; 篠原久典; 編; 田中 一義; 篠原 久典; 東原 秀和 (Contributor第５章 第１節〜第３節 若林知成)化学同人 2011/10 4759814116 606 pp 107-124
• Molecular Realizations of Quantum Computing 2007 (Kinki University Series on Quantum Computing)

  Mikio Nakahara; e; al. E (Contributor"Fullerene C60: A Possible Molecular Quantum Computer" by Tomonari Wakabayashi)World Scientific Pub Co Inc 2009/06 9812838678 267 pp 163-192
• Polyynes: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

  Franco Cataldo Ed; Franco Cataldo (ContributorChapter 1. "Carbon Chain Molecules in Cryogenic Matrices" by T. Wakabayashi & W. Kraetschmer, Chapter 6. "Cyclic Polyynes: Generation, Characterization, and Reactions" by Y. Tobe & T. Wakabayashi, Chapter 9. "Polyynes C2nH2 (n=2-5) and Other Products ...")CRC Press 2005/08 157444512X 528
• Acetylene Chemistry: Chemistry, Biology and Material Science

  F. Diederich; P. J. Stang; R. R. Tykwinski Ed; François Diederich; Peter J. Stang; Rik R. Tykwinski (ContributorChapter 9. "Carbon-Rich Compounds: Acetylene-Based Carbon Allotropes" by Y. Tobe & T. Wakabayashi)Wiley-VCH 2005/03 3527307818 528
• ナノマテリアルハンドブック

  国武 豊喜; 飯島 澄男 (Contributor第７章 第１節の２「フラーレンの構造と性質」若林知成)エヌ・ティー・エス 2005/02 4860430786 833
• C60・フラーレンの化学―サッカーボール分子のすべてがわかる本

  化学; 編集部編; 化学編集部 (Contributor第3章 第5節「 高次フラーレン―性質と成長機構を探る―」若林知成・阿知波洋次)化学同人 1993/11 4759802533 192 pp 125-135

Conference Activities & Talks

• Franck-Condon Analyses in the Optical Transitions of Polyyne Molecules and Carbon Clusters

  大西陸; 福本圭祐; 田中海斗; 若林知成

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2022
• Synthesis and Properties of Three-Membered Ring Unsaturated Compounds of Silicon

  井上龍二; 大野稜真; 川北翼; 太田圭; 若林知成; ROSAS-SANCHEZ Alfred; 橋爪大輔; 松尾司

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2022
• Application of ATR - FUV spectroscopy for the analysis of the coordinate structure in concentrated solutions about alkali metal complexes

  上野那美; 佐藤春実; 若林知成; 若林知成; 森澤勇介; 森澤勇介

  日本化学会春季年会講演予稿集(CD-ROM)  2020
• Electronic Excitations Study of Atoms Encapsulated in the C₆₀ Fullerene by Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory

  鳥井遥生; 豊田雅之; 斎藤晋; 若林知成; 金井保之; 笹尾登; 吉村太彦

  日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)  2020
• Heat capacity and phase behavior of cationic surfactant CTAB aqueous solution

  山本太郎; 八木佑輔; 若林知成; 鈴木晴

  熱測定討論会講演要旨集  2019
• アルカリ金属錯体の電子状態の理論的解釈

  上野那美; 若林知成; 若林知成; 森澤勇介; 森澤勇介

  日本分光学会年次講演会  2019
• 高濃度電解質溶液における溶媒の電子状態に対するイオンの影響

  上野那美; 若林知成; 若林知成; 佐藤春実; 森澤勇介; 森澤勇介

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2019
• 高周期元素二重結合化合物とNHCとの反応  [Not invited]

  貞森和也; 早川直輝; 辻本祥太; 畑中美穂; 若林知成; 松尾司

  基礎有機化学討論会要旨集  2018/09
• ニュートリノ質量分光に向けた異種原子内包C₆₀の安定性と電子物性の予測研究  [Not invited]

  斎藤晋; 菅谷優輝; 豊田雅之; 若林知成; 金井保之; 笹尾登; 吉村太彦

  日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)  2018/03
• リサイクル型フローラマン分光法を用いた4‐オクチンのジブロモ化反応のモニタリング  [Not invited]

  松本浩一; 三谷尚也; 山口航志; 深田陽司; 遠藤あすか; 佐多良介; 畑中美穂; 森澤勇介; 柏村成史; 若林知成

  日本化学会春季年会講演予稿集(CD-ROM)  2018/03
• ATR-FUV分光法を用いた高分子電解質に関する電子状態と結晶相変化の相関

  上野那美; 佐藤春実; 若林知成; 若林知成; 森澤勇介; 森澤勇介

  日本分光学会年次講演会  2018
• 直鎖ポリイン分子を用いた紫外偏光フィルム  [Not invited]

  佐多良介; 森澤勇介; 鈴木晴; 若林知成; 畑中美穂

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2018
• アルカリ金属塩を含む高分子電解質における高分子の電子状態の錯形成による変化  [Not invited]

  上野那美; 森澤勇介; 森澤勇介; 佐藤春実; 若林知成; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2018
• 高分子電解質中で電離したハロゲン化物イオンのCT遷移の研究  [Not invited]

  森澤勇介; 森澤勇介; 上野那美; 若林知成; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2018
• ATR‐FUV分光法を用いた高分子電解質に関する電子状態と結晶相変化の相関  [Not invited]

  上野那美; 佐藤春実; 若林知成; 若林知成; 森澤勇介; 森澤勇介

  日本分光学会年次講演会  2018
• リサイクル型フローラマン分光法を用いた4‐オクチンのジブロモ化反応のモニタリング  [Not invited]

  三谷尚也; 山口航志; 深田陽司; 遠藤あすか; 佐多良介; 畑中美穂; 森澤勇介; 柏村成史; 松本浩一; 若林知成

  電気化学秋季大会講演要旨集(CD‐ROM)  2017/08
• ネオン固体中のビスマス二量体とネオンとの相互作用による発光  [Not invited]

  遠藤あすか; 畑中美穂; 森澤勇介; 若林知成

  日本化学会春季年会講演予稿集(CD-ROM)  2017/03
• 高周期典型元素二重結合とNHCとの反応  [Not invited]

  貞森和也; 辻本祥太; 早川直輝; 畑中美穂; 若林知成; 松尾司

  日本化学会春季年会講演予稿集(CD-ROM)  2017/03
• 高分子電解質におけるATR-FUVスペクトルの成分分解

  上野那美; 森澤勇介; 若林知成

  日本分光学会年次講演会  2017
• 高分子電解質におけるATR‐FUVスペクトルの成分分解  [Not invited]

  上野那美; 森澤勇介; 若林知成

  日本分光学会年次講演会  2017
• Li‐PEO高分子電解質における電子状態の分子量依存性  [Not invited]

  上野那美; 若林知成; 森澤勇介

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2017
• イリジウム二核錯体を用いる第一級アルコールの酸化反応に関する理論的研究  [Not invited]

  瀬川実礼; 中井英隆; 若林知成; 畑中美穂; 畑中美穂

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2017
• ジホスフェンとNHCとの反応  [Not invited]

  貞森和也; 辻本祥太; 早川直輝; 畑中美穂; 若林知成; 松尾司

  有機典型元素化学討論会講演要旨集  2016/12
• 電解酸化により発生・蓄積させたチイレニウムイオンの反応性  [Not invited]

  堀内俊; 林竜太朗; 清水章弘; 松本浩一; 宮本侑; 森澤勇介; 若林知成; 吉田潤一

  日本化学会春季年会講演予稿集(CD-ROM)  2016/03
• ネオンマトリックス中に捕捉されたビスマス二量体のPLマップにおけるサテライト構造  [Not invited]

  遠藤あすか; 畑中美穂; 森澤勇介; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2016
• ポリエチレングリコール酸素原子へのカチオン配位による電子状態の変化  [Not invited]

  上野那美; 若林知成; 森澤勇介

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2016
• 室温レーザーアブレーションによるフラーレン生成の絶対収量  [Not invited]

  遠藤瞳; 田口裕貴; 松本淳; 若林知成; 兒玉健; 阿知波洋次; 城丸春夫

  原子衝突学会年会講演概要集  2015/09
• プロパン中レーザー誘起ブレークダウンによるポリイン生成  [Not invited]

  田口裕貴; 遠藤瞳; 阿部百合香; 松本淳; 若林知成; 兒玉健; 阿知波洋次; 城丸春夫

  原子衝突学会年会講演概要集  2015/09
• EUV‐FEL励起ヘリウム原子集団における多準位間超放射(II)解析  [Not invited]

  大饗千彰; HARRIES James R; 岩山洋士; 久間晋; 宮本祐樹; 永園充; 中嶋享; 繁政英治; 若林知成; 笹尾登

  日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)  2015/03
• 24aBG-12 Superradiance in multi-level He atoms excited by EUV-FEL (II) Analysis  [Not invited]

  Ohae Chiaki; HARRIES James R; Iwayama Hiroshi; Kuma Susumu; Miyamoto Yuki; Nggasono Mitsuru; Nakajima Kyo; Shigemasa Eiji; Wakabayashi Tomonari; Sasao Noboru

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2015/03
• ラマン分光法によるジアリールジスルフィドの電解酸化のその場モニタリング  [Not invited]

  松本浩一; 島田和明; 宮本侑; 森澤勇介; 若林知成; 菅誠治; 柏村成史; 吉田潤一

  電気化学会大会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2015/03
• Generation of polyyne and methylpolyyne molecules from toluene by intense femtosecond laser pulse irradiation  [Not invited]

  Ramadhan Ali; Wesolowski Michal; Wakabayashi Tomonari; Shiromaru Haruo; Fujino Tatsuya; Kodama Takeshi; Duley Walter; Sanderson Joseph

  XXIX INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHOTONIC, ELECTRONIC, AND ATOMIC COLLISIONS (ICPEAC2015), PTS 1-12  2015
• ラマン分光法によるジアリールジスルフィドの電解酸化のその場モニタリング  [Not invited]

  松本浩一; 島田和明; 森澤勇介; 若林知成; 菅誠治; 柏村成史; 吉田潤一

  日本化学会講演予稿集  2014/03
• 三量体ビスマスの近赤外発光スペクトル  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 和田資子; 宮本祐樹; 久間晋; 笹尾登; 川口健太郎

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2014
• マクロコヒーレンス生成に向けたXe準安定状態に関する分光実験  [Not invited]

  吉見彰洋; 笹尾登; 植竹智; 久間晋; 中嶋享; 大饗千彰; 宮本祐樹; 川口建太郎; 堤康輔; TANG J; 福見敦; 田中実; 中野逸夫; 若林知成; 吉村浩司; 吉村太彦

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2013/08
• Spectroscopy for production of macro-coherence in metastable Xe  [Not invited]

  Yoshimi A; Sasao N; Uetake S; Kuma S; Nakajima K; Ohae C; Miyamoto Y; Kawaguchi K; Tsutsumi Y; Tang J; Fukumi A; Tanaka M; Nakano I; Wakabayashi T; Yoshimura K; Yoshimura M

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2013/08
• Infrared Spectra of the Polyynes and Polyyne-Iodine Complexes in Solutions  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 若林 知成; 森澤 勇介

  7th International Conference on Advanced Vibrational Spectroscopy  2013/08  Kobe  7th International Conference on Advanced Vibrational Spectroscopy
   

  P-208 （和田資子）
• Time Resolved Raman Spectroscopy of Electrochemically Generated ArS(ArSSAr)+  [Not invited]

  島田和明; 松本 浩一; 森澤 勇介; 若林 知成; 柏村 成史; 菅誠治; 吉田潤一

  7th International Conference on Advanced Vibrational Spectroscopy  2013/08  Kobe  7th International Conference on Advanced Vibrational Spectroscopy
   

  P-136（島田）
• 27pEB-7 Simultaneous measurement of superradiance from competitive transitions in atomic helium using EUV-FEL  [Not invited]

  Nakajima K; Fukumi A; Iwayama H; Kawaguchi K; Kuma S; Miyamoto Y; Nakano I; Nakashima Y; Nanjyo H; Ohae C; Sasao N; Shigemasa E; Takahashi H; Tanaka M; Tang J; Uetake S; Wakabayashi T; Yoshimi A; Yoshimura M

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2013/03
• 27pEB-7 Simultaneous measurement of superradiance from competitive transitions in atomic helium using EUV-FEL  [Not invited]

  Nakajima K; Fukumi A; Iwayama H; Kawaguchi K; Kuma S; Miyamoto Y; Nakano I; Nakashima Y; Nanjyo H; Ohae C; Sasao N; Shigemasa E; Takahashi H; Tanaka M; Tang J; Uetake S; Wakabayashi T; Yoshimi A; Yoshimura M

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2013/03
• 固体ネオンマトリックス中におけるビスマスクラスターの近赤外発光スペクトル  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 富岡万貴子; 宮本祐樹; 久間晋; 川口健太郎

  日本化学会講演予稿集  2013/03
• ポリイン‐ヨウ素錯体の赤外分光  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 森澤勇介; 若林知成

  日本化学会講演予稿集  2013/03  立命館大学びわこ・くさつキャンパス  日本化学会第９３春季年会
  
• 極端紫外自由電子レーザー光による励起He原子からの分岐超放射の同時測定  [Not invited]

  中嶋享; 福見敦; 岩山洋士; 川口建太郎; 久間晋; 宮本祐樹; 中野逸夫; 中島優夢; 南條創; 大饗千彰; 笹尾登; 繁政英治; 高橋弘紀; 田中実; TANG J; 植竹智; 若林知成; 吉見彰洋; 吉村太彦

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2013/03
• ヘリウム原子の多準位系における超放射の測定  [Not invited]

  中嶋享; 岩山洋士; 岩山洋士; 久間晋; 久間晋; 宮本祐樹; 宮本祐樹; 永園充; 中野逸夫; 笹尾登; 笹尾登; 繁政英治; 繁政英治; 富樫格; 植竹智; 若林知成; 吉見彰洋; 吉村太彦

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2013
• ヘキサン中におけるポリインとヨウ素の光誘起反応の速度論的考察  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 若林知成; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2013
• 異方性分子固体の光学特性評価のための紫外偏光顕微鏡の試作  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 柴田宙延; 女木健司; 瀧智司; 和田資子; 森澤勇介

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2013
• ポリイン分子C₁₀H₂およびC₁₂H₂のテラヘルツ‐遠赤外振動分光  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 若林知成; 保科宏道

  日本分光学会テラヘルツ分光部会シンポジウム講演要旨集  2013
• 無極性溶媒中におけるポリイン-ヨウ素錯体の赤外吸収スペクトル  [Not invited]

  和田 資子; 若林 知成; 森澤 勇介

  第43回 フラーレン・ナノチューブ・グラフェン 総合シンポジウム  2012/09  東北大学  第43回 フラーレン・ナノチューブ・グラフェン 総合シンポジウム
  
• ポリイン‐ヨウ素錯体の赤外吸収スペクトル  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 森澤勇介; 若林知成; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2012/09  東京大学 本郷キャンパス  第6回分子科学討論会
   

  発表番号1P082
• グラファイトレーザーアブレーションで生成した安定炭素クラスターの同定  [Not invited]

  杉本寛征; 兒玉健; 城丸春夫; 和田資子; 若林知成; 阿知波洋次

  原子衝突学会年会講演概要集  2012/07
• 固体ネオンマトリックス中におけるBi原子およびYb原子の発光スペクトル  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 富岡万貴子; 山口琢也; 久間晋; 宮本祐樹; 中嶋享; 植竹智; 大饗千彰; 川口建太郎; 笹尾登; 田中実; TANG J; 中野逸夫; 南條創; 福見敦; 百瀬孝昌; 吉見彰洋; 吉村太彦

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2012/03
• 固体パラ水素を用いた二光子対超放射実験(II)  [Not invited]

  久間晋; 宮本祐樹; 中嶋享; 植竹智; 大饗千彰; 川口建太郎; 笹尾登; 田中実; TANG J; 中野逸夫; 南條創; 福見敦; 百瀬孝昌; 山口琢也; 湯浅一生; 吉見彰洋; 吉村太彦; 若林知成

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2012/03
• 窒素内包フラーレンN@C₆₀の真空紫外分光  [Not invited]

  山口琢也; 植竹智; 大饗千彰; 久間晋; 笹尾登; 田中実; 中嶋享; 中野逸夫; 南條創; 福見敦; 湯浅一生; 吉見彰洋; 吉村太彦; 若林知成

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2012/03
• 25pAD-3 Two-photon paired superradiance experiment using solid parahydrogen  [Not invited]

  Kuma S; Miyamoto Y; Nakajima K; Uetake S; Ohae C; Kawaguchi K; Sasao N; Tanaka M; Tang J; Nakano I; Nanjo H; Fukumi A; Momose T; Yamaguchi T; Yuasa K; Yoshimi A; Yoshimura M; Wakabayashi T

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2012/03
• 27pAB-5 Emission Spectra of Bi and Yb Atoms in Solid Neon Matrices  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi T; Tomioka M; Yamaguchi T; Kuma S; Miyamoto Y; Nakajima K; Uetake S; Oae C; Kawaguchi K; Sasao N; Tanaka M; Tang J; Nakano I; Nanjo H; Fukumi A; Momose T; Yoshimi A; Yoshimura M

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2012/03
• 27pAB-6 窒素内包フラーレンN@C_<60>の真空紫外分光(27pAB 原子分子(原子分子一般),領域1(原子・分子,量子エレクトロニクス,放射線物理))  [Not invited]

  山口 琢也; 植竹 智; 大饗 千彰; 久間 晋; 笹尾 登; 田中 実; 中嶋 享; 中野 逸夫; 南條 創; 福見 敦; 湯浅 一生; 吉見 彰洋; 吉村 太彦; 若林 知成

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2012/03
• 希ガス中グラファイトレーザーアブレーションによるポリインの生成  [Not invited]

  杉本寛征; 兒玉健; 城丸春夫; 和田資子; 若林知成; 阿知波洋次

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2012
• 炭素クラスターを骨格とする分子の生成を目指した高速イオン照射実験  [Not invited]

  佐藤祐旭; 佐藤智子; 和田資子; 若林知成; WALES Benjamin; 入来仁隆; 間嶋拓也; 兒玉健; 城丸春夫

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2011
• ネオンマトリクス中のビスマス原子の発光スペクトル  [Not invited]

  富岡万貴子; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2011
• マトリックス中に生成した励起原子集団による放射過程の研究(2)  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 富岡万貴子; 山口琢也; 中野逸夫; 吉村太彦; 笹尾登

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2011
• 無極性溶媒中におけるポリイン‐ヨウ素錯体の形成  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2011
• TTFカチオンを層間に含む臭化銅(I)配位高分子の電子状態とキャリア輸送特性  [Not invited]

  大久保貴志; KIM Kyung Ho; 安間晴穂; 田中直也; 関修平; 佐伯昭紀; 若林知成; 前川雅彦; 黒田孝義

  錯体化学討論会講演要旨集  2010/09
• 固体パラ水素結晶に内包されたXe原子の電子励起状態の分光測定  [Not invited]

  中嶋享; 福見敦; 川口建太郎; 久間晋; 宮本祐樹; 百瀬孝昌; 中野逸夫; 南條創; 大饗千彰; 笹尾登; 佐藤晴一; 谷口敬; TANG J; 若林知成; 山口琢也; 吉村太彦; 湯浅一生

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2010/08
• 14pSK-5 Spectroscopy of Electronic Excited States of Xe Atoms in Parahydrogen Crystal  [Not invited]

  Nakajima K; Fukumi A; Kawaguchi K; Kuma S; Miyamoto Y; Momose T; Nakano I; Nanjyo H; Ohae C; Sasao N; Sato S; Taniguchi T; Tang J; Wakabayashi T; Yamaguchi T; Yoshimura M; Yuasa K

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2010/08
• ポリインとヨウ素分子による光反応生成物のNMR  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 若林知成; 峯松敏江; 槐靖範; 加藤立久

  日本化学会講演予稿集  2010/03
• 窒素原子内包フラーレンN@C₆₀の分離精製  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 吉川愛里; 和田資子

  日本化学会講演予稿集  2010/03
• 窒素原子内包フラーレンN@C₆₀の高純度化と分光(2  [Not invited]

  山口琢也; 内音坊僚平; 大饗千彰; 岡林裕介; 笹尾登; 佐藤晴一; 谷口敬; 中嶋享; 中野逸夫; 南條創; 福見敦; 吉川愛里; 吉村太彦; 若林知成

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2010/03
• 窒素原子内包フラーレンN@C₆₀の高純度化と分光(1)  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 吉川愛里; 山口琢也; 中嶋享; 笹尾登; 福見敦; 中野逸夫; 吉村太彦

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2010/03
• 23pTC-10 窒素原子内包フラーレンN@C_<60>の高純度化と分光(2)(23pTC 原子分子,領域1(原子・分子,量子エレクトロニクス,放射線物理))  [Not invited]

  山口 琢也; 内音坊 僚平; 大饗 千彰; 岡林 裕介; 笹尾 登; 佐藤 晴一; 谷口 敬; 中嶋 享; 中野 逸夫; 南條 創; 福見 敦; 吉川 愛里; 吉村 太彦; 若林 知成

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2010/03
• 23pTC-9 Purification and Spectroscopy of Atomic-Nitrogen Encapsulating Fullerene N@C_<60> (1)  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi T; Yoshikawa A; Yamaguchi T; Nakajima K; Sasao N; Fukumi A; Nakano I; Yoshimura M

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2010/03
• 高強度フェムト秒レーザーを用いた溶液内反応による新奇炭素クラスターの生成  [Not invited]

  兒玉健; 佐藤祐旭; 城丸春夫; SANDERSON Joseph; 藤野竜也; 和田資子; 若林知成; 阿知波洋次

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2010
• シクロデキストリンを用いたシアノポリイン包接化合物の生成  [Not invited]

  才川真央; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2010
• 炭化水素分子への高強度フェムト秒レーザー照射によるポリイン分子の合成  [Not invited]

  佐藤祐旭; 兒玉健; 城丸春夫; SANDERSON H Joseph; 藤野竜也; 和田資子; 若林知成; 阿知波洋次

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2010
• ポリイン‐ヨウ素錯体の光誘起反応  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 若林知成; 加藤立久

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2010
• 固体パラ水素中の準安定Xe原子の分光研究  [Not invited]

  久間晋; 中嶋享; 福見敦; 川口建太郎; 宮本祐樹; 百瀬孝昌; 中野逸夫; 南條創; 大饗千彰; 笹尾登; 佐藤晴一; 谷口敬; 唐健; 若林知成; 山口琢也; 吉村太彦; 湯浅一生

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2010
• マトリックス中に生成した励起原子集団による放射過程の研究  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 福見敦; 中嶋享; 大饗千彰; 山口琢也; 湯浅一生; 谷口敬; 川口健太郎; 百瀬孝昌; 中野逸夫; 南條創; 笹尾登; 吉村太彦

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2010
• 液相試料へのフェムト秒レーザー照射によるポリイン,新規フラーレンの合成実験  [Not invited]

  SANDERSON J.S; 佐藤祐旭; 兒玉健; 藤野竜也; 若林知成; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  原子衝突研究協会年会講演概要集  2009/08
• マクロコヒーランス増幅機構を用いたニュートリノ質量分光(VIII)―低温マトリックスに単離・貯蔵した励起原子の分光測定―  [Not invited]

  中嶋享; 福見敦; 中野逸夫; 南條創; 大饗千彰; 笹尾登; 佐藤晴一; 内音坊僚平; 若林知成; 山口琢也; 吉村太彦

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2009/08
• サイズ選別した直線炭化水素分子の光学特性  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 才川真央; 和田資子; 手柴雅臣

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2009/08
• 10aSA-3 Neutrino Mass Spectroscopy Using Macro-coherence of Target Atoms (VIII) : Spectroscopy of Isolated Atoms in Low-temperature Matrices  [Not invited]

  Nakajima K; Fukumi A; Nakano I; Nanjyo H; Ohae C; Sasao N; Sato S; Uchionbo R; Wakabayashi T; Yamaguchi T; Yoshimura M

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2009/08
• 27pYD-15 サイズ選別した直線炭化水素分子の光学特性(界面・分子デバイス3,領域7,分子性固体・有機導体)  [Not invited]

  若林 知成; 才川 真央; 和田 資子; 手柴 雅臣

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2009/08
• 窒素原子内包フラーレンN@C₆₀の生成および濃縮  [Not invited]

  吉川愛里; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2009
• 単層カーボンナノチューブ生成におけるアブレーションレーザーの強度効果  [Not invited]

  手柴雅臣; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2009
• サイズ選別したポリイン分子の光誘起反応  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2009
• 液相レーザーアブレーションにおけるポリイン分子の生成機構  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 才川真央; 手柴雅臣; 和田資子

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2009
• 液相レーザーアブレーションで生成するポリイン分子のアイソトーポマー分布の解析  [Not invited]

  才川真央; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2009
• シアノポリイン分子の電子吸収スペクトル  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 和田資子; 長谷場誉樹; 峯松敏江; KRAETSCHMER Wolfgang

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  2008/06
• グラファイトの液相アブレーションにおけるポリイン分子の生成機構  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 長谷場誉樹; 峯松敏江; KRAETSCHMER Wolfgang

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2008/05
• 原子数制御したポリイン分子の光学的性質  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 和田資子; 樫原良彦; 阿弥曜平; 長谷場誉樹; 大極光太; 橋本健朗

  日本化学会講演予稿集  2008/03
• カーボンナノチューブに捕捉されたポリイン分子のラマン散乱  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 村上哲史; 永山寛幸

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2008/02
• 25pWB-3 Raman Scattering of Polyyne Molecules in Carbon Nanotubes  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi T; Murakami T; Nagayama H

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2008/02
• ポリイン・ヨウ素混合溶液における禁制吸収帯の強度増強効果  [Not invited]

  和田資子; 若林知成; 長田良一; 加藤立久

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2008
• 窒素原子内包フラーレンN@C₆₀の生成とESRによる検出  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 黒田孝義

  分子科学討論会講演プログラム&要旨(Web)  2008
• ポリイン分子の振電相互作用に関する理論的考察  [Not invited]

  橋本健朗; 若林知成; 大極光太; 清岡洋介

  分子科学討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2007/08
• サイズ選別したポリイン分子のラマンスペクトル  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 田畑博史; 西出大亮; 片浦弘道; 林真至; 阿知波洋次; 篠原久典

  分子科学討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2007/08
• 液相レーザーアブレーションによるシアノポリイン分子の生成  [Not invited]

  長谷場誉樹; 樫原良彦; 阿弥曜平; 和田資子; 若林知成

  分子科学討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2007/08
• 一次元共役パイ電子系をもつ直線炭素分子の光学特性  [Not invited]

  若林知成

  日本物理学会講演概要集  2007/08
• 22pYJ-4 Optical properties of linear carbon molecules with one-dimensional pi-electron systems  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi Tomonari

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2007/08
• サイズ選別したポリイン分子の溶液中における光励起および緩和過程の研究  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 永山寛幸; 大極光太; 清岡洋介; 橋本健朗

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  2007/06
• 単層カーボンナノチューブに安定化された直線炭素分子のラマン分光  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 西出大亮; 永山寛幸; 片浦弘道; 阿知波洋次; 篠原久典

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2007/05
• ポリイン分子C_2nH₂(n=5‐8)のレーザー誘起発光  [Not invited]

  永山寛幸; 若林知成

  日本化学会講演予稿集  2007/03
• 水素終端ポリイン分子:分光学的特徴と安定化  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 西出大亮; 永山寛幸; 村上哲史; 片浦弘道; 阿知波洋次; 篠原久典

  日本化学会講演予稿集  2007/03
• ポリイン分子C₁₀H₂のNMRおよびラマンスペクトル  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 永山寛幸; 土井達也; 田畑博史; 林真至; 梅田塁; 戸部義人

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2006/08
• ネオン固体中における直鎖炭素クラスターC₆の可視光照射効果  [Not invited]

  奥田晃史; 若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2006/08
• 水素終端型直鎖炭素クラスターの精製およびキャラクタリゼーション  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 土井達也; 梅田塁; 園田素啓; 戸部義人

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2006/05
• ポリイン分子(C_nH₂)のラマン分光と表面増強ラマン(SERS)分光  [Not invited]

  田畑博史; 土井達也; 若林知成; 林真至

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2006/05
• 直鎖ポリインを内包したカーボンナノチューブの合成と評価  [Not invited]

  西出大亮; 若林知成; 土肥博史; 北浦良; 菅井俊樹; 篠原久典

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2006/05
• 固体ネオンマトリックス中における直鎖炭素クラスターの可視光照射効果  [Not invited]

  奥田晃史; 若林知成

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2006/05
• 30pTE-5 Resonance Raman spectra of linear polyyne molecules  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi Tomonari; Okuda Koji; Doi Tatsuya

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  2006/03
• Molecular dynamics simulation on the carbon cluster formation process by laser irradiation  [Not invited]

  宮本圭一; 山口康隆; 稲葉武彦; 若林知成

  日本機械学会熱工学コンファレンス講演論文集  2005/11
• C123 Molecular dynamics simulation on the carbon cluster formation process by laser irradiation  [Not invited]

  宮本 圭一; 山口 康隆; 稲葉 武彦; 若林 知成

  Procee[d]ings of Thermal Engineering Conference  2005/11 

  The emission process of high temperature, high density carbon atoms into cold buffer gas is simulated by using the molecular dynamics method in order to investigate the formation process of carbon clusters under laser irradiation. The slag-like carbon material are initially decomposed from C_n (n>20) mostly into very small clusters C_n (n=2〜4) atoms, and the re-growth growth process of these small cluster into middle sized clusters of C_n (n=6〜10) follows afterwards. In the case of high pressure buffer gas condition, the second process is enhanced due to the trapping effect.
• 光励起スペクトル相関法による赤外吸収線の同定  [Not invited]

  奥田晃史; 若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2005/09
• ポリイン分子H(‐C≡C‐)_nH(n=4‐8)の生成および分離  [Not invited]

  土井達也; 若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2005/09
• 低温表面における炭素クラスターの反応と微粒子生成  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 奥田晃史; 山口康隆

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2005/05
• Generation of Highly Reactive Polyynes and their Selective Transformation into Particular Carbon Clusters  [Not invited]

  Umeda Rui; Tobe Yoshito; Sonoda Motohiro; Wakabayashi Tomonari

  Abstracts of Symposium on Physical Organic Chemistry  2004/09 

  当研究室で開発した、高反応性ポリインを発生させる方法を用いてサイズ選択的なカーボンクラスターの生成に関して研究を行った。すなわち、C36およびC78を取り上げ、まずそれぞれ対応する前駆体を合成した。それらのレーザーデソープションマススペクトルにおいて、高反応性ポリインが生成し、さらにそれからの環化異性化によりサイズ選択的に対応するカーボンクラスターへの変換が起こることを見い出した。生成したカーボンクラスターの構造についても検討した。
• MD Simulations on the Exothermic Coagulation of Linear Carbon Molecules  [Not invited]

  山口康隆; 若林知成

  日本伝熱シンポジウム講演論文集  2004/05
• マトリックス昇華法によるカルビンリッチな炭素薄膜生成  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 山口康隆; 加藤将樹; 鈴木信三; 阿知波洋次; KRAETSCHMER W

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2004/05
• Coagulation of Carbon Chain Molecules on Cold Surfaces  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 山口康隆; 加藤将樹; 鈴木信三; 百瀬孝昌; 吉村一良; 阿知波洋次; KRAETSCHMER W

  日本化学会講演予稿集  2004/03
• 高反応性ジベンゾデヒドロ[12]および[14]アヌレンの生成と同定  [Not invited]

  大木一朗; 江田健; 園田素啓; 新納弘之; 佐藤正健; 若林知成; 戸部義人

  構造有機化学討論会講演予稿集  2003/10
• 鎖状炭素分子の発熱的凝集過程に関する分子動力学シミュレーション  [Not invited]

  山口康隆; 若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2003/09
• 炭素分子のマトリックス分離分光2―低温固体表面における発熱的凝集過程―  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 山口康隆; 加藤将樹; 百瀬孝昌; 鈴木信三; 阿知波洋次; 片浦弘道; ウォルフガング クレッチマー

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2003/09
• 固体パラ水素中のC₃の分光学的研究  [Not invited]

  保科宏道; 加藤吉康; 森沢勇介; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)  2003/09
• 低温マトリックス昇華法による炭素分子からの微粒子生成  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 加藤将樹; 百瀬孝昌; 片浦弘道; 鈴木信三; 阿知波洋次; 戸部義人; KRAETSCHMER W

  ナノ学会大会講演予稿集  2003/05
• 炭素分子のマトリックス分離分光  [Not invited]

  若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  2002/10
• 炭素分子のマトリックス分離分光 直鎖C₆のLIFおよびC₂の化学発光  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 加藤吉康; 百瀬孝昌; KRAETSCHMER W

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  2002/10
• 炭素分子の凝集過程におけるフラッシュ現象  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 玉城孝憲; 鈴木信三; KRAETSCHMER W

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  2002/06
• High-resolution electronic spectra of molecules embedded in superfluid helium droplets.  [Not invited]

  久間晋; 中嶋直樹; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; LEHNIG R; VILESOV A F

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  2001/09
• Dependence of the size- and geometric isomer-distributions of carbon clusters on the fluence of ablation laser pulses.  [Not invited]

  加藤吉康; 津田基嗣; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  2000/09
• Excited Electronic States of Monocyclic Carbon Clusters.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 加藤吉康; 森田明弘; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1999/09
• Photoionization of Carbon Clusters Using a Vacuum-UV Laser.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1999/05
• 固体パラ水素中におけるヨウ素原子の高分解能分光  [Not invited]

  伏谷瑞穂; 曽越宣仁; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1998/09
• レーザー蒸発法を用いたフラーレン生成機構の研究 生成反応場に関する考察  [Not invited]

  糟屋大介; 石垣敏信; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1998/09
• 個体パラ水素中に捕捉した炭素クラスターの構造と振動・回転・電子状態の研究  [Not invited]

  加藤吉康; 曽越宣仁; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1998/09
• 固体パラ水素中の重水素置換メタンの赤外分光  [Not invited]

  保科宏道; 百瀬孝昌; 若林知成; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1998/09
• 固体パラ水素中のアンモニア分子の高分解能分光  [Not invited]

  曽越宣仁; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1998/09
• Photoinduced Reactions of Methyl Radical in Solid Parahydrogen.  [Not invited]

  伏谷瑞穂; 曽越宣仁; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1998/05
• Electronic Spectra of Cyclic Carbon Clusters.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 加藤吉康; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1998/05
• Ultraviolet Absorption Spectroscopy of Neutral Carbon Clusters Trapped in Rare Gas Matrices.  [Not invited]

  加藤吉康; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1998/03
• Correlation between fullerene formation condition and ringed cluster formation condition.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 加藤吉康; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正; 糟屋大介; 鈴木信三; 阿知波洋次

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1998/01
• Formation of cage-type polyyne C60H6.  [Not invited]

  戸部義人; 中川寿子; 苗村浩一郎; 若林知成; 志田忠正; 阿知波洋次

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1998/01
• Light absorption measurement of carbon cluster in vacuum ultraviolet and ultraviolet visible regions.  [Not invited]

  加藤吉康; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1998/01
• Tunneling reaction of CD3 radical with hydrogen molecule in solid parahydrogen.  [Not invited]

  保科宏道; 百瀬孝昌; 若林知成; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1997/10
• Spectroscopy of Molecules Trapped in Quantum Crystal.  [Not invited]

  百瀬孝昌; 若林知成; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1997/10
• Hirgh resolution laser specroscopy of methane clusters trapped in solid parahydrogen.  [Not invited]

  伏谷瑞穂; 香月浩之; 保科宏道; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1997/10
• Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy of Carbon Clusters Cn Trapped in Rare Gas Matrices at 7K.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 加藤吉康; 伏谷瑞穂; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1997/10
• Photolysis of Ethyl Iodide in Solid Parahydrogen.  [Not invited]

  曽越宣仁; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1997/10
• A study of fullerene formation process with laser vaporization method. (2). Circumstance of formation-reaction space and fullerene yield, isomer formation ratio.  [Not invited]

  糟屋大介; 菅沼友尚; 石垣敏信; 鈴木信三; 片浦弘道; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1997/10
• Vibrational spectroscopy of SF6 in solid parahydrogen.  [Not invited]

  香月浩之; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1997/10
• Research on a fullerene generating process using laser vaporization method.  [Not invited]

  糟屋大介; 菅沼友尚; 石垣敏信; 鈴木信三; 片浦弘道; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1997/07
• Preferential Formation of C10-upon Double-Pulse Laser Ablation of Graphite.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次; 志田忠正

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1997/05
• 29p-G-2 Specific Formation of C_10 by Dual Irradiation of Graphite with IR and UV Laser Pulses  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi Tomonari; Achiba Yohji; Shiromaru Haruo; Momose Takamasa; Shida Tadamasa

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  1997/03
• 29p-YA-10 Laser Spectroscopy of Vibroons in Quantum Crystal  [Not invited]

  Momose Takamasa; Wakabayashi Tomonari; Shida Tadamasa

  Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan  1997/03
• Study of fullerene formation condition with laser vaporization method. (1). Pressure dependence of fullerene formation region.  [Not invited]

  糟屋大介; 菅沼友尚; 鈴木信三; 片浦弘道; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1997/03
• Laser Spectroscopy of Vibrons in Quantum Crystal.  [Not invited]

  百瀬孝昌; 若林知成; 志田忠正

  日本物理学会講演概要集(年会)  1997/03
• Photoelectron spectroscopy of cyclic carbon cluster.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 河野正道; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正; 苗村浩一郎; 戸部義人

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1997/01
• Examination on the formation condition of metal inclusion fullerene. (3).  [Not invited]

  菅沼友尚; 糟屋大介; 鈴木信三; 阿知波洋次; 木村啓; 真庭豊; 片浦弘道; 若林知成

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1997/01
• Research on a carbon cluster formation process by new laser vaporization mass spectrometry.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正; 城丸春夫; 小原通昭; 阿知波洋次

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1997/01
• Photoelectron Spectroscopic Studies of Monocyclic Carbon Clusters Produced by Laser Ablation of Organic Compounds.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 河野正道; 阿知波洋次; 城丸春夫; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正; 苗村浩一郎; 戸部義人

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1996/10
• New Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy using Solid Parahydrogen. (2). Photolysis of Acetaldehyde.  [Not invited]

  曽越宣仁; 内田幹夫; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1996/10
• New Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy using Solid Parahydrogen. (3). UV Photolysis of Methyl Iodide and Perdeuterated Methyl Iodide.  [Not invited]

  内田幹夫; 曽越宣仁; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1996/10
• High resolution spectroscopy of solid hydrogen using a near-infrared difference frequency laser.  [Not invited]

  百瀬孝昌; 中村敏浩; 若林知成; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1996/10
• A study of higher fullerene selective formation with DC arc discharge method.  [Not invited]

  糟屋大介; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1996/10
• New Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy using Solid Parahydrogen. (1). UV Photolysis of Ethyl iodide.  [Not invited]

  曽越宣仁; 内田幹夫; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1996/10
• Photoionization/fragmentation of endohedral fullerenes.  [Not invited]

  鈴木信三; 小島康彦; 城丸春夫; 若林知成; 阿知波洋次; TELLGMANN R; CAMPBELL E E B; HERTEL I V

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1996/05
• 1a-YJ-1 Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules in Liquid Hydrogen  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi Tomonari; Yoshizawa Isamu; Momose Takamasa; Shida Tadamasa

  Abstracts of the meeting of the Physical Society of Japan. Annual meeting  1996/03
• 1a-YJ-2 High Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy of Solid Parahydrogen  [Not invited]

  Momose Takamasa; Nakamura Toshihiro; Wakabayashi Tomonari; Shida Tadamasa; Dickson Robert M; Oka Takeshi

  Abstracts of the meeting of the Physical Society of Japan. Annual meeting  1996/03
• Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules in Liquid Hydrogen.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 吉沢勇; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  日本物理学会講演概要集(年会)  1996/03
• Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy in Solid Parahydrogen. (2). Photochemistry of Methyl Iodide.  [Not invited]

  内田幹夫; 曽越宣仁; 三木正章; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1996/03
• Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy in Solid Parahydrogen. (4). Photochemistry of Ethyl Iodide.  [Not invited]

  曽越宣仁; 内田幹夫; 三木正章; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1996/03
• Study on Formation of Metallofullerenes with Laser Vaporization Technique.  [Not invited]

  桜井斎; 鈴木信三; 小島康彦; 糟屋大介; 若林知成; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1996/03
• High Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy of Solid Parahydrogen.  [Not invited]

  百瀬孝昌; 中村敏浩; 若林知成; 志田忠正; DICKSON R M; 岡武史

  日本物理学会講演概要集(年会)  1996/03
• Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy in Solid Parahydrogen. (3). Infrared Spectroscopy of Carbon Clusters.  [Not invited]

  三木正章; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1996/03
• Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy in Solid Parahydrogen. (1). Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Deuterated Methane.  [Not invited]

  内田幹夫; 三木正章; 曽越宣仁; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1996/03
• Infrared measurement of carbon cluster formed in solid hydrogen.  [Not invited]

  三木正章; 若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1996/01
• Photoelectron spectroscopy of carbon formed in direct laser vaporization in vacuum.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 百瀬孝昌; 志田忠正; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1996/01
• Role of rare gas in tfullerene formation. (3 ) . Study of temperature dependency.  [Not invited]

  糟屋大介; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1996/01
• Synthesis of various cyclic carbon cluster precursor and formation of cluster in mass spectrometry.  [Not invited]

  戸部義人; 松本英樹; 苗村浩一郎; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1996/01
• Photodissociation of fullerenes.  [Not invited]

  小島康彦; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1995/09
• The Effect of rare gas on the fullerene formation.  [Not invited]

  糟屋大介; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1995/09
• Role of rare gas in fullerene generation. (1 ) Research on pressure dependence.  [Not invited]

  糟屋大介; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1995/07
• PES study on the carbon clusters produced by the direct laser vaporization method.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1995/05
• The investigation on the formation of metallofullerene with laser vaporization technique.  [Not invited]

  桜井斎; 糟屋大介; 若林知成; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1995/05
• 炭素クラスターの構造とフラグメンテーション  [Not invited]

  小島康彦; 若林知成; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  質量分析連合討論会講演要旨集  1995/04
• Cage Structures and Growth Mechanism of Fullerenes. Balls to Tubes.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 糟屋大介; 相原雄一; 菊地耕一; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1995/03
• Toward the Synthesis of Monocyclic Carbon Clusters: Preparation and Decomposition of Propellane Type Cyclo 18 carbon Precursor.  [Not invited]

  戸部義人; 藤井俊彦; 松本英樹; 苗村浩一郎; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1995/03
• Isolation and Photodissociation of ScO2C86.  [Not invited]

  小島康彦; 鈴木信三; 若林知成; 中尾裕彦; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1995/03
• Molecular Structures of Higher Fullerenes.  [Not invited]

  菊地耕一; 相原雄一; 若林知成; 池本勲; 三宅洋子; 甲斐荘正恒; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1995/03
• C₈₆,C₈₈,C₉₀の分子構造  [Not invited]

  相原雄一; 若林知成; 菊地耕一; 池本勲; 三宅洋子; 甲斐荘正恒; 阿知波洋次

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1995/01
• モノサイクリックカーボンクラスター(C₁₈)の発生  [Not invited]

  戸部義人; 藤井俊彦; 松本英樹; 苗村浩一郎; 阿知波洋次; 若林知成

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1995/01
• Scを含むフラーレン類の光解離  [Not invited]

  小島康彦; 鈴木信三; 若林知成; 中尾裕彦; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1995/01
• フラーレン成長機構 (5) フラーレン類の新しい分類法  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 糟屋大介; 菊地耕一; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  フラーレン総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1995/01
• 非等価Sc₃を含むフラーレン様物質の分離と同定  [Not invited]

  小島康彦; 鈴木信三; 若林知成; 中尾裕彦; 菊地耕一; 川田知; 阿知波洋次; 加藤立久

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1994/09
• フラーレン構造異性体の選択的生成と成長機構  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1994/09
• フラーレン様ネットワークで安定化された金属クラスターのESR (その2)  [Not invited]

  小島康彦; 鈴木信三; 中尾裕彦; 若林知成; 川田知; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次; 加藤立久

  C60総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1994/08
• Temperature Dependence of Production Yields of Higher Fullerene Isomers.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 沢田和広; 城丸春夫; 菊池耕一; 鈴木信三; 阿知波洋次

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1994/05
• 28p-YK-14 Structures and Properties of Mono -and Di-metallofullerenes  [Not invited]

  Kikuchi K; Nakao Y; Nomura M; Wakabayashi T; Suzuki S; Saito K; Ikemoto I; Achiba Y

  Abstracts of the meeting of the Physical Society of Japan. Annual meeting  1994/03
• Structures and Properties of Mono- and Di-metallofullerences.  [Not invited]

  菊地耕一; 中尾裕彦; 野村昌治; 若林知成; 鈴木信三; 斎藤一弥; 池本勲; 阿知波洋次

  日本物理学会講演概要集(年会)  1994/03
• The ESR spectrum of metal cluster stabilized in the fullerene-like carbon network.  [Not invited]

  鈴木信三; 小島康彦; 中尾裕彦; 若林知成; 川田知; 菊地耕一; 加藤立久; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1994/03
• Study of collision induced electron detachment of negative carbon cluster ions combined with single acceleration method.  [Not invited]

  川田義浩; 城丸春夫; 森脇太郎; 若林知成; 阿知波洋次

  応用物理学関係連合講演会講演予稿集  1994/03
• 原子数100を越える高次フラーレンの分離と性質  [Not invited]

  菊地耕一; 相原雄一; 中尾裕彦; 若林知成; 鈴木信三; 阿知波洋次

  C60総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1994/01
• 金属内包フラーレンPr@C₈₂の作製とその光反応性  [Not invited]

  石橋雅義; 冨岡安; 谷口彬雄; 若林知成; 鈴木信三; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次

  C60総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1994/01
• 単核,複核金属フラーレン類の単離と分子物性  [Not invited]

  中尾裕彦; 菊地耕一; 若林知成; 鈴木信三; 斎藤一弥; 阿知波洋次; 池本勲

  C60総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1994/01
• フラーレン成長機構 (4) 希ガス温度と圧力を制御したフラーレンの生成  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 沢田和広; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次

  C60総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1994/01
• フラーレン様ネットワークで安定化された金属クラスターのESR  [Not invited]

  鈴木信三; 小島康彦; 中尾裕彦; 若林知成; 川田知; 菊地耕一; 加藤立久; 阿知波洋次

  C60総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1994/01
• 炭素クラスター(n=3‐120)の構造と成長  [Not invited]

  阿知波洋次; 森脇太郎; 若林知成; 菊地耕一; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1993/10
• LaC₈₂とLa₂C₁₀₀の吸収スペクトル  [Not invited]

  中尾裕彦; 菊池耕一; 若林知成; 鈴木信三; 斎藤一弥; 阿知波洋次; 池本勲

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1993/10
• 炭素クラスターの光解離ダイナミクス  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1993/10
• 13a-PS-58 Photodissociation and Growth Mechanism of Carbon Clusters  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi T; Shiromaur H; Kikuchi K; Achiba Y

  Abstracts of the meeting of the Physical Society of Japan. Sectional meeting  1993/09
• Photodissociation and Growth Mechanism of Carbon Clusters.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 城丸春夫; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次

  日本物理学会講演概要集(分科会)  1993/09
• 分子性炭化ランタンの単離とその性質  [Not invited]

  中尾裕彦; 若林知成; 菊地耕一; 鈴木信三; 斎藤一弥; 阿知波洋次; 池本勲

  C60総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1993/08
• 金属フラーレンの光解離  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 城丸春夫; 鈴木信三; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次

  C60総合シンポジウム講演要旨集  1993/08
• 金属内包フラーレンLaC₈₂の光解離  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 城丸春夫; 鈴木信三; 菊地耕一; 阿知波洋次

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1993/06
• 金属・炭素二成分クラスターMCnと金属内包フラーレンの相関  [Not invited]

  鳥巣裕之; 若林知成; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1993/06
• 金属原子はどのように炭素カゴ内にトラップされるか  [Not invited]

  阿知波洋次; 若林知成; 鳥巣裕之; 窪田裕之

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1993/06
• LaC82の単離とその性質  [Not invited]

  菊地耕一; 中原靖夫; 若林知成; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 斎藤一弥; 池本勲; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1993/03
• 高次フラーレンの成長とHe圧力の関係  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 菊地耕一; 中原靖夫; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1993/03
• 27p-PSA-37 Size-Selected and High-Density Neutral Cluster Beam of Semiconductor Materials (3)  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi T; Shiromaru H; Suzuki S; Achiba Y

  秋の分科会講演予稿集  1992/09
• Size-Selected and High-Density Neutral Cluster Beam of Semiconductor Materials. (3).  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 城丸春夫; 鈴木信三; 阿知波洋次

  日本物理学会講演概要集(分科会)  1992/09
• フラーレン成長機構  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 菊地耕一; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1992/09
• フラーレン成長機構  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 菊地耕一; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 森脇太郎; 阿知波洋次

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1992/06
• 29p-PS-2 Size-Selected and High-Density Neutral Cluster Beam of Semiconductor Materials (2)  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi T; Suzuki S; Shiromaru H; Achiba Y

  年会講演予稿集  1992/03
• フラーレンの成長機構  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 中原靖夫; 菊地耕一; 城丸春夫; 鈴木信三; 甲斐荘正恒; 池本勲; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1992/03
• Size-Selected and High-Density Neutral Cluster Beam of Semiconductor Materials. (2).  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  日本物理学会講演概要集(年会)  1992/03
• 巨大フラーレン類の分子構造  [Not invited]

  菊地耕一; 若林知成; 中原靖夫; 本田昌洋; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 三宅洋子; 斎藤一弥; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1992/03
• 29p-BPS-9 Size-Selected and High-Density Neutral Cluster Beam of Semiconductor Materials  [Not invited]

  Wakabayashi T; Matsuura H; Suzuki S; Shiromaru H; Achiba Y

  年会講演予稿集  1991/09
• Size-Selected and High-Density Neutral Cluster Beam of Semiconductor Materials.  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 松浦広行; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 阿知波洋次

  日本物理学会講演概要集(年会)  1991/09
• 中性炭素クラスターの粒子数選別および高密度化 (その2)  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 鈴木信三; 松浦広行; 城丸春夫; 橘高千恵子; 阿知波洋次

  化学反応討論会講演要旨集  1991/06
• 中性炭素クラスターの粒子数選別および高密度化  [Not invited]

  若林知成; 鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 橘高千恵子; 阿知波洋次

  日本化学会講演予稿集  1991/03
• 質量選別した中性クラスタービーム源の試作  [Not invited]

  鈴木信三; 城丸春夫; 橘高千恵子; 若林知成; 阿知波洋次

  分子構造総合討論会講演要旨集  1990/10

MISC

• Spectroscopic study on polyynes and their composite materials

  若林知成  炭素  2022-  (301)  2022  [Refereed][Invited]
  
• まだまだ見つかる? : 炭素の新しい同素体

  若林 知成  化学と教育  59-  (5)  258  -259  2011/05  [Invited]
  
• 原子数制御したポリイン分子の光学特性

  若林 知成  放射線化学  85-  32  -38  2008  [Invited]
  
• 鎖状炭素分子の凝集による微粒子生成(<シリーズ>化学から見た物性物理)

  若林 知成; 山口 康隆; Kratschmer Wolfgang  物性研究  83-  (4)  490  -513  2005/01  [Invited]
  
• Aligning Small Gold Particles of Defined Size and Form

  WAKABAYASHI Tomonari  Chemistry  52-  (4)  64  -65  1997/04  [Invited]
  
• 低温「C₆₀の物性」(サブゼミ,第37回物性若手夏の学校(1992年度),講義ノート)

  榎 敏明; 若林 知成  物性研究  60-  (5)  449  -450  1993/08  [Invited]
  

Awards & Honors

• 2005/01 The Fullerenes, Nanotubes, and Graphene Research Society The First Osawa Award
   Generation of Nanocarbon Arrays via Highly Exothermic Polymerization of Linear Carbon Molecules JPN japan_society 

  受賞者: Tomonari Wakabayashi
• 2002/10 Japan Society for Molecular Science Kobe Award for Young Molecular Scientists
   Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy of Carbon Molecules JPN japan_society 

  受賞者: Tomonari Wakabayashi

Research Grants & Projects

• Infrared emission mechanism of fullerene C60 and its cosmic abundance

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

  Date (from‐to) : 2020/04 -2024/03 

  Author : 若林 知成; 畑中 美穂; 兒玉 健

   

  フラーレンC60の赤外発光スペクトルの測定に成功したので、フラーレンC70についても同様の測定を行った。その結果、C60の4つの許容遷移とは異なる赤外発光線を多数確認することができた。C60が正二十面体点群Ihに属する高い対称性を持つのに対し、C70はD5hというより対称性の低い点群に属するため、赤外許容となる振動モードの数がより多くなることを、赤外発光スペクトルによって実証することができた。理論的に予想される赤外活性モードでは説明できない発光線も複数観測され、これらは2量子励起による倍音や2つ以上の振動モードが同時励起される結合音によるものと考えられる。 星間空間における化学反応によってフラーレンC60やC70が生成すると考えられるが、その前駆体としても関心がもたれる炭素鎖分子ポリインについてもその分光学的研究において成果があった。具体的には、反応性の高いsp混成炭素鎖の両端を水素で安定化した水素終端ポリイン分子C2nH2 (n=4-6)について、サイズごとに分離精製した試料を用いてリン光スペクトルの測定に成功した。重合による変質を避け、ヘキサン溶液を真空中で20ケルビンに冷却した銅基板に吹き付けてポリイン分子ごと固化した。この低温マトリックス試料に対して213 nmから409 nmの範囲で波長可変なパルスレーザー光を照射し、試料表面の発光を分光器で測定した。その結果、数ミリ秒から十数ミリ秒の寿命をもつ発光バンドを検出することができ、ポリイン分子のリン光に帰属した。リン光スペクトルに現れる振動構造から、電子基底状態におけるいくつかの振動モードについて帰属をすることができた。過去に報告したシアノポリイン分子HC2n+1N (n=4-6のリン光スペクトルとあわせて、ポリイン分子の特徴を総合報告にまとめた。
• 太陽光利用促進のためのエネルギーベストミックス研究拠点の形成

  私立大学戦略的研究基盤形成支援事業：研究拠点を形成する研究

  Date (from‐to) : 2014/07 -2019/03 

  Author : 藤原 尚
• Reaction Analysis of Electro-Organic Chemistry by in situ Raman Spectroscopy and its Application to Organic Synthesis

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

  Date (from‐to) : 2014/04 -2017/03 

  Author : MATSUMOTO Kouichi

   

  We have develped new monitoring system in electro-oranic chemistry by Raman spectroscopy system, in which unstable organic reactive species were observed at low temperature. In addition, we have established the recycling flow system of electro-synthesis, in which in situ Raman spectroscopy was measured for kinetic analysis. Thus, we have demonstrated that Raman spectroscopy is powerful tool for reaction design, kinetic analysis, and the detection of reactive species in electro-organic chemistry.
• 有機電界合成へのラマン分光法の導入による反応解析と合成化学への応用

  科学研究費補助金：基盤研究(C)

  Date (from‐to) : 2014/04 -2017/03 

  Author : 松本 浩一
• Macroscopic production and isolation of ring-form carbon clusters

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

  Date (from‐to) : 2014/04 -2016/03 

  Author : Shiromaru Haruo; Kodama Takeshi; Wakabayashi Tomonari; Joseph Sanderson; Endo Hitomi; Taguchi Yuki

   

  Graphite laser ablation was conducted and the products carried by argon gas flow were captured by an organic solvent. Then the solution was analyzed with UV absorption spectroscopy and HPLC, to identify and evaluate the yields of carbon-rich species. Special care was focused on monocyclic ring clusters. First, we confirmed that the soluble C60 was formed by the room temperature laser ablation. The absolute yield was found to be 1-2 order high than the value extrapolated from the yield at high-temperatures. Polyyne formation by H-capping reaction of the chain-form carbon clusters. The solution obtained under the condition that the fullerenes and polyynes coexist did not contain detectable amount of ring-form carbon clusters.
• 単環状炭素クラスターのマクロ量合成と単離

  科学研究費補助金：挑戦的萌芽研究

  Date (from‐to) : 2014/04 -2016/03 

  Author : 城丸 春夫
• Detection of neutrino pairs using macro coherent amplification mechanism

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

  Date (from‐to) : 2009/04 -2015/03 

  Author : SASAO NOBORU; NAKANO Itsuo; YOSHIMURA Motohiko; FUKUMI Atsushi; WAKABAYASHI Tomonari; TANAKA Minoru; KATSURAGAWA Masayuki; NANJO Hajime; KAWAGUCHI Kentarou; TANG Jian; KUBOZONO Yoshihiro; TANIGAKI Katsumi; NAKAJIMA Kyo; YOSHIMURA Koji; YOSHIMI Akihiro; UETAKE Satoshi; KUMA Susumu; TANIGUCHI Takashi

   

  "Macro-coherent amplification mechanism" is the crucial principle for success of the neutrino mass spectroscopy with atoms. The most important result of the present research was an experimental proof of the principle with a two photon process from the vibrationally excited state of para-hydrogen molecules. Actually, the initial coherent states were prepared by an adiabatic Raman process, and two photon emissions were observed. As a result, a gigantic enhancement factor of the photon yields greater than 15 orders of magnitude was confirmed compared to its natural emission rate; it was found consistent with the theoretical prediction. Thus a big step has been made forward towards the neutrino mass spectroscopy with atoms. In addition, detailed studies on super-radiance and phase relaxation etc. were conducted as basic studies using various atoms and molecules.
• Experimental studies on the macro-coherent amplification mechanism and two-photon paired super-radiance

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

  Date (from‐to) : 2009/04 -2013/03 

  Author : SASAO Noboru; NANJO Hajime; WAKABAYASHI Tomonari; YOSHIMURA Motohiko

   

  The present research aims at proving experimentally the macro-coherent amplification mechanism that is a new class of coherent and cooperative phenomena similar to the super-radiance. When such an amplification mechanism works for a two-photon deexcitation process, for example, its rate is expected to be amplified. In our experiment, we prepared the vibrational excited states of hydrogen gas by adiabatic Raman scatterings, and observed the two photon cascade process. As a result we found that the rate of the observed process is amplified as the initial coherence increases and that its amplification factor agrees with the theoretical expectation. We have thus established the validity of macro-coherent amplification mechanism.
• Formation of carbon-rich molecules by fast ion impact

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

  Date (from‐to) : 2011 -2012 

  Author : SHIROMARU Haruo; MAJIMA Takuya; WAKABAYASHI Tomonari

   

  To study ion impact induced reactions yielding carbon-rich molecules so called polyynes and fullerenes, n-hexane and n-octane solvent near the melting point were set in rough vacuum conditions and irradiated by a 2 MeV ion beam of H+, or H_2^+. The solid carbon materials and the hydrocarbon vapor were also used as a target. The irradiated samples were analyzed by UV spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography. Ion-induced reactions of C_70 solution, polyyne solution and the solid C_60 were also performed.
• Synthesis of novel carbon clusters in liquid phase by irradiation of intense femtosecond laser pulses

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

  Date (from‐to) : 2010 -2012 

  Author : KODAMA Takeshi; FUJINO Tatsuya; SHIROMARU Haruo; ACHIBA Yohji; WAKABAYASHI Tomonari

   

  We tried to synthesize a new type of carbon clusters from C60, C70, C78 in organic liquid phase using the intense femtosecond laser pulses. The products were analyzed by mass spectrometry, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and high performance liquid chromatography. The obtained carbon clusters were unstable and aggregated to form precipitation. In addition, it was suggested that the some derivatives are generated.
• 量子コンピュータの実現を目指した学際的基礎研究

  私立大学学術研究高度化推進事業：オープン・リサーチ・センター整備事業

  Date (from‐to) : 2006/04 -2011/03 

  Author : 中原 幹夫
• 1億枚/秒の超高速ビデオカメラの開発

  私立大学学術研究高度化推進事業：学術フロンティア推進事業

  Date (from‐to) : 2006/04 -2011/03 

  Author : 江藤 剛治
• Fundamental study of neutrino mass spectroscopy using long lived excited atoms

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

  Date (from‐to) : 2007 -2008 

  Author : YOSHIMURA Motohiko; NAKANO Itsuo; FUKUMI Atsushi; NAKAJIMA Kyo

   

  未知の混合角とすべてのニュートリノ質量値を決定する、原子を利用した、新たなニュートリ ノ質量分光の実験手法を確立するために、実験原理の理論研究と基礎的な開発実験研究を行っ た。輻射を伴うニュートリノ対生成プロセスを増幅して大きなレートをえるために、固体マト リックス等に埋め込んだ標的原子集団をアヴォガドロ数程度作成して、準安定状態にレーザー 励起し、下位へのレベル間隔の半分に相当するパルスレーザートリガーにより、コヒーランス を成長させる。この重要課題に対して、(1)マックスウェル・ブロッホ方程式を該当する3準 位ラムダ型レベル系に適用した基礎方程式を導き、トリガーによる光ソリトン形成が巨大な増 幅を起こし得ることを見いだした。(2)パラ水素分子結晶中にXe を単体で埋め込むことに成 功した。(3)アルカリ原子気体をセル中に封じ込めて、通常の1光子超放射現象の観測に成功 した。(4)ニュートリノ質量分光に対してマーカー的役割を果たす2光子超放射に最適な原子 である、バリウム原子のD-準安定状態を、気体セル中で生成することに成功した。
• 混合混成型巨大炭素パイ電子系の創出

  科学技術振興機構 JST：戦略的創造研究推進事業 CREST

  Date (from‐to) : 2000/11 -2006/03 

  Author : 戸部 義人
• 単一現象追跡のための高速温度画像測定装置の開発

  日本学術振興会：科学研究費助成事業 萌芽研究

  Date (from‐to) : 2004 -2006 

  Author : 若林 知成

   

  瞬間的な燃焼や発火など、短時間で高温に達する化学反応をリアルタイムで追跡し、発熱過程を制御することは、高温条件下でのみ生成が可能な特異な分子の発見や収率の向上につながる。また、化学反応で放出される熱エネルギーを温度の時間変化から算出することにより、反応過程における分子や微粒子の化学結合および内部状態の変化を明らかにすることが可能となる。 本研究では、ミリ秒以下の時間で起こる発熱現象をリアルタイムの画像として捉え、発熱体の温度を実時間追跡するための高速温度画像測定装置の開発を行った。最終年度に当たる本年度は、温度校正のための検量線を作成し、実際の反応系の観察に応用した。 検量線の作成においては、電流によって明るさの調節が可能な21Wの電球を高速ビデオカメラおよび2次標準である放射温度計で観察した。カメラの光入射部にはダイクロイックミラーと全反射ミラーを組み合わせた波長一画像分割装置を置く方式を最終的に採用した。フィラメントからの光は波長および空間的に分割され、CCD素子に結像する。画像信号をPCに取り込んだ後、二つのフィラメント像の強度を別々に読み取り、その比を放射温度計の示す温度に対してプロットした。フィラメントの電流を変化させて測定した多数の画像から強度比I_/I_を求め、対応する放射温度計の温度に対してプロットし、検量線とした。実際の測定では、電流の変化に応じて明るさが桁違いに変化して飽和の起こりやすい状況が生じたため、フィラメントとカメラの間に、減光のためのNDフィルターを置き、減光の度合いを系統的に調節しながら測定を行った。その結果、1700〜2300℃の温度領域で良好な検量線を得ることができた。
• Creation of Giant Pi-Electronic Systems Composed by Carbon Atoms of Mixed Hybridization

  JST Basic Research Programs (Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology :CREST)

  Date (from‐to) : 2001 -2005
• Development of new techniques for the study of chemical reactions using superfluid He droplets

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

  Date (from‐to) : 2002 -2004 

  Author : MOMOSE Takamasa

   

  In the present project, we intended to develop new techniques for the study of low temperature chemical reactions using superfluid He droplets. Superfluid He droplets are the clusters of He atoms, that possesses superfluid properties. It has been shown that one can easily trap molecules in He droplets, and perform high-resolution spectroscopy of free rotation in the droplets. The environment of He droplets does not perturb the embedded molecule significantly, so that the energy levels and other properties of the embedded molecule are almost the same as those of free molecules. Since the temperature of the droplets is 0.4 K, He droplets must be a unique system for the study of chemical reactions of molecules at low temperatures. In order to apply the technique of He droplets to the study of low temperature chemical reactions, we have developed a pulsed nozzle of He droplet as well as a new laser system that produces intense IR pulses during the period of this project. In addition, we have measured high-resolution LIF spectra of Phthalocyanine and its van der Waals clusters with Ne,Ar,N_2, and H_2. We could control the size of the van der Waals clusters around Phthalocyanine precisely. The success of the observation of the van der Waals clusters indicates that the technique of He droplets is useful not only for the study of chemical reactions, but also for controling chemical reactions by adjustiong the size of van der Waals clusters.
• Photochemistry of Linear and Cyclic Carbon Clusters

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

  Date (from‐to) : 2001 -2003 

  Author : WAKABAYASHI Tomonari; WASHIDA Nobuaki; MOMOSE Takamasa

   

  The photoinduced molecular processes of small carbon clusters in cold rare gas matrices are investigated. The purpose of this project is to determine the specific chemical reaction channels of linear and cyclic clusters and to use the knowledge for identification of the unknown UV/VIS absorption bands of the relevant clusters. In this project, we found that the UV absorption band at 235 nm of a carbon-containing Ne matrix at 6 K diminished upon irradiation with 235 nm photons. At the same time, we observed that the IR bands of linear C6 at 1959 cm-1 and 1199 cm-1 diminished concomitantly. Form this observation we concluded that the UV band is attributable to linear C6. Further investigations of the selective excitation of the UV and VIS bands of matrix-isolated carbon clusters lead to a finding of the new electronic system of C2 in a condensed phase that shows a matrix-dependent characteristic relaxation channel through fluorescent deactivations.
• 大気化学におけるラジカル連鎖反応の研究

  日本学術振興会：科学研究費助成事業 特定領域研究

  Date (from‐to) : 2001 -2003 

  Author : 鷲田 伸明; 猪俣 敏; 藤村 陽; 若林 知成

   

  フリーラジカル反応が大気の化学において重要であることは云うまでもないが、大気中で極微量(多くてppb、通常はpptかそれ以下)にしか存在しないラジカルが大気化学において大きな役割を演じるためには、反応系が連鎖反応であることが必要である。近年要請されている大気環境変動要因の解明のためには、いままで見落とされていたラジカル反応を見直し、厳密に研究する必要がある。光イオン化質量分析法はフリーラジカルをイオン化の際にフラグメントを起さずに親イオンのまま検出できるため、フリーラジカルの直接検出に対して極めて優れた方法であり、これまで多数のラジカル反応の反応速度や反応機構の研究に用いられてきた。さらに最近我々は装置の改良により、従来より100倍の感度向上に成功し、これまで検出できなかったラジカルの検出を可能にし、さらに反応速度、反応機構測定の精度も大幅に向上できた。本研究ではこの装置の特徴を生かして、重要でありながら研究が十分でない新しいラジカル反応の研究と、新しいラジカル連鎖反応の提案を行う。本年度は主に以下の研究が行われた。 1)硫黄循環に係わる連鎖反応の研究:海洋起源硫黄化合物であるジメチルスルヒド(DMS)(大気中の硫黄化合物の50%を占める)が大気中の反応でどのようにしてSO_2やSO_3に変換しうるかについて、CH_3S,CH_3SO,CH_3SO_2ラジカルの酸化反応を研究することにより解明を試みた。CH_3S→CH_3SO→CH_3SO_2→CH_3SO_3の段階的酸化は従来、O_3やNO_2との反応で進むと考えられていたが、本研究においてRO_2ラジカルも上記の段階的酸化に大きな寄与を持つこと、さらにこの酸化の過程でSO_2やSO_3が放出されることが示された。 2)NO_x収支に係わるラジカル反応の研究:NH_2ラジカルは大気中では主にNO_xとの反応で酸化されていると考えられてきたが、本研究ではRO_2ラジカルがNH_2と反応すること、さらにこの反応によりNH_2がNO_xに変換されていくことが示された。 3)RO_2ラジカルの反応:CH_3O_2ラジカルと含硫黄フリーラジカルの反応速度を決定し、RO_2ラジカルの大気中での酸化剤としての役割を評価した。
• Exact Free Radical Kinetics related to Atmospheric reactions among Minor Constituents.

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

  Date (from‐to) : 2001 -2003 

  Author : WASHIDA Nobuaki; INOMATA Satoshi; WAKABAYASHI Tomonari; MOMOSE Takamasa; SATO Kei

   

  The study of isotope effects on the rates and products of chemical processes has long been useful in increasing chemists understanding of the detailed nature of chemical reactions. While chemists have been studying isotope effects, other scientists have been using these measurements to aid in their interpretation of observations of isotopic composition of 'natural systems such as paleoclimatology,. oceanic circulation, atmospheric chemical transformation mechanisms, igneous rock geothermometry and the, evolutionary historyy of the solar system. On the basic of above background, several methods how to measure the exact rate constants of chemical reactions, and how to measure the small difference to the rate constants between isotopes of molecules were investigated in the present study. The following studies were carried out. (1) Sensitivity of photoionization mass spectrometer was improved to factor 100. (2) Isotope effects for the rates of reaction of methyl radicals with oxygen were determined. (2) Isotope effects for the rates of reaction of methyl radicals with oxygen were determined. (3) Rate constants for reactions of sulfur containing radicals with R02 radicals were determined.
• Ultra-High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Solid Hydrogen

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

  Date (from‐to) : 1999 -2001 

  Author : MOMOSE Takamasa; WAKABAYASHI Tomonari; SHIDA Tadamasa

   

  Solid parahydrogen is a promising medium for high resolution spectroscopy. The rotational and vibrational excited states of hydrogen molecules and molecules embedded in the solid are well quantized on account of the weak intermolecular interaction. Moreover, due to the energy mismatch between the internal motion and the crystal phonon, the lifetime of the excited states becomes enormously long so that the spectral linewidth becomes as narrow as 1MHz. The purpose of the present research is to develop a new technique of ultra-high-resolution spectroscopy of condensed phase using solid parahydrogen as a medium in order to clarify rovibarional motion of molecules as well as intermolecular many-body interactions in condensed phase in great detail. We obtained the following new results during the period of the research project. (1) High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of pure vibrational transitions of parahydrogen molecules and impurity ortho-hydrogen pairs in parahydrogen crystals was performed to obtain information on exciton hopping and intermolecular interaction quantitatively. (2) We found that molecules doped in parahydrogen crystal also show quantizedrotation-vibration states. The well-resolved infrared spectrum allows us to develop new theory for the analysis of rovibrational motion of molecules in condensed phase. (3) Several pure tunneling chemical reactions were observed for the first time by infrared spectroscopy. (4) We have developed a technique toproduce molecular ions in the solid which allows us to study hydrogenic ions of chemical interests under high-resolution.
• フラーレン生成に関与する炭素クラスターの分光研究

  日本学術振興会：科学研究費助成事業 特定領域研究(A)

  Date (from‐to) : 1999 -2000 

  Author : 若林 知成; 百瀬 孝昌

   

  フラーレンやカーボンナノチューブの構成要素として興味のもたれている環状構造の炭素クラスターC_n(n=10-30)について、それらを特徴づける電子遷移の観測と帰属を目指している。その結果は単に炭素ネットワーク構造の生成機構の解明のみならず、宇宙空間に存在する未知のクラスターの同定等に役立つ基礎的データを与える。本研究の特徴は、レーザー蒸発法とネオン固体または固体水素を用いた低温マトリックス分離分光法との組み合わせにより、炭素クラスターの電子遷移を低温ならではのシャープなスペクトルとして観測することが可能となり、スペクトルの微細構造からクラスターの振動状態に関する情報まで得られることである。また負イオンクラスターをマトリックス分離前に予めサイズ選別することにより、スペクトルの帰属を曖昧さなく行える点も大きな特徴である。初年度に当たる本年度はまず、クラスター発生源、および、負イオンを中性クラスターから分離するためのビーム輸送系の製作を行い、そのイオンビームの評価を行った。その結果、得られた負イオンビームの強度は空間電荷効果から見積もられる最大値に近い値を示し、このことからほぼ設計通りの仕様が達成されていることを確認した。今後は、クラスター発生源の繰り返し周波数を上げるなどしてマトリックスに蓄積されるイオンの総量を増やしたうえで、これをネオンガスとともに4Kの極低温基板上に吹き付けてマトリックスとし、その紫外可視吸収スペクトルの測定を行う計画である。
• 炭素微粒子の熱分解過程に関する基礎研究

  日本学術振興会：科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)

  Date (from‐to) : 1999 -2000 

  Author : 若林 知成

   

  本研究では、1.質量が10^3ー10^6原子質量単位におよぶ超微粒子の検出が可能な質量分析装置の試作、および2.熱分解生成物のフラグメンテーションフリーの検出法の開発、という二つの新しい実験法の開発を軸に、グラファイトのレーザーアブレーションにより生成する高温の炭素超微粒子の熱分解過程に関する基礎的研究を行っている。本年度は特に、真空紫外レーザー光を用いた一光子イオン化検出法の導入により、これまで検出が困難であった中性フラグメントを、イオン化に伴う二次的な分解反応なしに直接検出することに成功した。これにより上記第2の点で特に大きな進展があった。その要点は、比較的高いイオン化エネルギー(>8eV)をもつ炭素数〜20以下の小サイズ炭素クラスターを、そのイオン化エネルギーより高いエネルギーの光子(hv=10.5eV)で直接的にイオン化することにより、従来の多段階多光子吸収光イオン化法では避けられなかったフラグメンテーションの影響を極力迎えた点である。その結果、グラファイトのレーザーアブレーションにより生成する中性の炭素クラスターとして、炭素数9以下では奇数クラスターC_<2n+1>(n=1-3)の生成量が、また炭素数10以上では4とびにC_<4n+2>(n=2,3,4)の生成量が他より抜きん出て多いことが明らかになった。このことは中性フラグメントが、炭素数9以下では直鎖構造、炭素数10以上では環状構造をとることを強く示唆する。今後は、現在製作中の超微粒子質量分析装置と一光子イオン化質量分析器とを組み合わせることにより、超微粒子のサイズと中性フラグメントのサイズとの関係を調べ、高温炭素超微粒子の冷却過程および異性化過程との関連を明らかにしていく予定である。
• Uilta high resolution spectroscopy of excitons in quantum crystal

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

  Date (from‐to) : 1997 -1999 

  Author : MOMOSE Takamasa; WAKABAYASHI Tomonari; SHIDA Tadamasa

   

  A crystal of parahydrogen, in which nearly all the molecules are in the J=0 rotational state, is known as a quantum crystal. An exceptional feature of the crystal is its narrow spectral linewidth. Here, we have studied parahydrogen molecule itself and molecules embedded in parahydrogen crystal by high-resolution spectropscopy. From the analysis of fine structures, frequency shifts and spectral lineshape of the rotation-vinbration transitions, we have investigated specific nature of excitons and its relaxation dynamics in the quantum crystal. Some of the results are summarized as follows. (1) The first overtone vibrational transition of parahydrogen has been studied by high-resoultion laser spectroscopy. The fine spliting was interpreted as due to vibron hopping in the quantum crystal. Also, the quantum effect on the vibron could be discussed.(2) Temperature dependence on the linewdith of methane embedded in parahydrogen reveals that pure dephasing is predominant as the cause of the relaxation at low temperatures, but the dependence was completely different from those in classical solids. Moreover the polulation relaxation was found to strongly depend on the shape of vibrational modes.(3) Infrared absorption of gamma-ray irradiated parahydrogen has been studied. Infrared absorption of hydrogen molecules induced by ions produced by the irradiation was analyzed quantitatively. We have developed a new method to detect ions selectively by applying external electric field to the crystal.
• 環状炭素クラスターの振電状態の解明

  日本学術振興会：科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)

  Date (from‐to) : 1997 -1998 

  Author : 若林 知成

   

  C_<60>をはじめとするフラーレン分子の生成中間体として、また、未同定の星間空間バンドの起源物質として注目を集めている、環状構造の炭素クラスターC_nについて、電子状態、振動構造を明らかにするために、グラファイトのタンデムパルスレーザー光照射による質量分析法、および、低温マトリックス分離分光法を用いた研究を行った。 環状構造の炭素クラスターは、ヘリウム等の冷却ガス中でグラファイトのレーザー蒸発を行うことにより生成することが知られているが、本研究では、冷却ガスのない条件下で炭素棒のレーザーアブレーションを行い、環状炭素クラスターの生成を試みた。検出の都合上、測定は負イオンについて行った。真空中でグラファイト表面に単発のパルスレーザー光を照射して生成する負イオンは、そのほとんどが直鎖構造のクラスターであるが、レーザー光照射の約100μs後に、別のパルスレーザー光を同じグラファイト表面に照射することによって、先の照射により生成した中性炭素クラスターに電子付着させると、C_<10^->負イオンが選択的に生成することが明らかになった。このC_<10^->について光電子スペクトルを測定し、電子親和力、バンド構造等の考察から、C_<10^->およびC_<10>が環状構造であることを確認した。真空中のレーザーアブレーションにより、環状構造の炭素クラスターが生成するという報告は過去に例がない。 低温マトリックス分離分光では、未同定の紫外吸収帯の整理をほぼ終え、その帰属は最終的な詰めの段階にきている。真空中で環状構造の炭素クラスター、特にC_<10>が多く生成することから、未同定バンドの幾つかは環状構造の炭素クラスターに帰属されると考えられる。
• Ultra High Resolution Spectroscopy of Solid Parahydrogen.

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research

  Date (from‐to) : 1996 -1998 

  Author : MOMOSE Takamasa; JAGOD Mary-frances; OKA Takeshi; WAKABAYASHI Tomonari; SHIDA Tadamasa

   

  Solid parahydrogen is a promising medium for high resolution spectroscopy. The rotationaland vibrational excited states of hydrogen molecules and molecules embedded in the solid are well quantized on account of the weak intermolecular interaction. Moreover, due to the energy mismatch between the internal motion and the crystal phonon, the lifetime of the excited states becomes enormously long so that the spectral linewidth becomes as narrow as lMHz. The purpose of the present research is to develop a new technique of ultra-high-resolution spectroscopy of condensed phase using solid parahydrogen as a medium in order to clarify rovibarional motion of molecules as well as intermolecular many-body interactions in condensed phase in great detail. We obtained the following new results during the period of the research project. (1) High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of pure vibrational transitions of parahydrogen molecules and impurity ortho-hydrogen pairs in parahydrogen crystals was performed to obtain information on exciton hopping and intermolecular interaction quantitatively. (2) We found that molecules doped in parahydrogen crystal also show quantized rotation-vibration states. The well-resolved infrared spectrum allows us to develop new theory for the analysisoi of rovibrational motion of molecules in condensed phase. (3) Several pure tunneling chemical reactions were observed for the first time by infrared spectroscopy. (4) We have developed a technique to produce molecular ions in the solid which allows us to study hydrogenic ions of chemical interests under high-resolution.
• 環状炭素クラスターの分光研究

  日本学術振興会：科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)

  Date (from‐to) : 1996 -1996 

  Author : 若林 知成

   

  本研究では、単環構造の炭素クラスターの振電状態の解明、および、炭素数30〜50付近の炭素クラスターの幾何構造の決定を二つの大きな柱として研究を進めてきた。単環構造の炭素クラスターの振動構造が、その一部ではあるが負イオン光電子分光によりはじめて明らかになったことは大きな前進であった。特に、電子脱離によって励起されるの振動モードの種類が4の倍数のリングと4n+2のリングで大きく異なることの発見は、炭素数の違いによる結合交替の有無を端的に示すものであった。また、16員環骨格をもつ有機化合物の熱分解では、炭素クラスター負イオンC_<16>-だけでなく、2量体の負イオンC_<32>-も生成するが、その光電子スペクトルが別の方法で生成した単環構造のC_<32>-のものとは明らかに異なることから、この2量体が単環構造以外の異性体であることが示唆された。炭素数30付近のクラスターはフラーレンやナノチューブにみられるネットワーク構造の安定性や生成機構を考えるうえで重要とされており、ネットワーク構造の制御という観点からも、今後さらに研究を進める必要がある。 本年度の成果の一つに、単環状炭素クラスターC_<10>-の特異的生成の発見がある。代表者らが開発した二重レーザーアブレーション質量分析法は、従来検出の難しかった中性フラグメントの検出を可能にした。その結果、炭素数10〜20程度の単環構造の中性フラグメントが、炭素数200程度の中性クラスターの熱分解の過程で多量に放出されることを見い出した。この結果は低温マトリックス単離分光法を用いた今後の研究に方法論的な変革をもたらすばかりでなく、炭表クラスターの生成メカニズムを探るうえでの重要な手がかりを与えるものである。

Committee Membership

• 2021/05 - Today   The Society of Nano Science and Technology   Steering Committee Member
• 2017/09 - Today   The Fullerenes, Nanotubes, and Graphene Research Society   Steering Committee Member
• 2011/07 - Today   Chemistry and Physics at Low Temperatures   Steering Committee Member
• 2021/05 -2022/07   The 20th Annual Meeting of The Society of Nano Science and Technology   Organizing Committee Chair
• 2017/07 -2018/06   Symposium on Chemical Kinetics and Dynamics   Organizing Committee Member
• 2010/10 -2012/09   Japan Society for Molecular Science   Award Committee Member
• 2007/07 -2009/06   The Society of Nano Science and Technology   Editorial Board Member

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https://researchmap.jp/read0057496