In this study, we evaluated the development and activities of Comprehensive Forest Management Advisors（Foresters）and Forest Practice Planners. In addition, we examined issues and measures for the future development and promotion of their activities. As a result, issues common to Comprehensive Forest Management Advisors and Forest Practice Planners were found, including quantitative and qualitative enhancement of human resources, strengthening of cooperation with other forestry personnel, improvement of awareness of human resources, and improvement of career paths and treatment at parent organizations. For improvement of these issues, it is desirable for all personnel in these roles（including candidates）to engage in self-improvement. However, there are issues that cannot be improved through such individual efforts alone. In the future, industry, academia, and government should collaborate to carry out education and training, and create a forestry career path that comprehensively covers from pre- to post-employment.

We examined the cognitive structure of Japanese consumers regarding biodiversity-enhanced agricultural products (BEAPs). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed according to the results of a factor analysis. Our results showed that BEAPs have three main values for Japanese consumers: value related to psychological well-being, value related to properties as foodstuffs, and eco-friendly value. Results indicated that demographic characteristics, such as gender, age, income, and region, affect the three values. Value related to psychological well-being was the important factor that led consumers to determine their behavioral intention toward BEAPs. Therefore, a marketing approach that emphasizes value related to psychological well-being may be an effective approach to facilitate the spread of BEAPs in Japan.

In this Paper, we try to set up a hypothesis test about benefit transfer of rural amenity benefit in regional water resource program without depending on external criteria and parametric assumptions. And we also try to propose an objective procedure that can explain how benefit transfer comes into existence by developing the algorithm that can set up a nonparametric-hypothesis test effectively.
Concretely, in 19 survey areas, we test the sameness about double-bounded CV responses by using Schemper's nonparametric k-sample test statistics. And we also test the sameness about responses by depending on two external criteria (where we use improvement contents and agricultural classification as external criteria) to compare the outcome.
The findings could be summarized as follows: 1) benefit transfer is founded among many areas and 19 survey areas are classified into 4 clusters; 2) in setting up a hypothesis test about benefit transfer, using only two external criteria is not sufficient; 3) therefore, the objective procedure we propose would play a great role in testing benefit transfer.

In this paper, I examined the applicability of benefit function transfer to policy evaluation, as a case study of amenity benefit in regional water resource program. By calculating differences in WTP between original model and transferred model, I found that about half of the sites had the percentage differences of 30% or greater. Improving the specification of benefit function and selecting study sites would help us to make benefit function transfer more feasible.

Benefit transfer is one of the most common concerns in the study area of valuing environmental preferences, though there are few study reports concerned with it in Japan. So, I investigated the latent factors which describe benefit transfer, using logistic regression analysis, as a study case of rural amenity benefit in regional water resource program. As a result, I could find that three factors, 1) whether a program include waterway's improvement, 2) what area a program plans to improve, and 3) whether there are some historical institutions around a program's district, are thought to be important to describe benefit transfer.